快慢羽鸡的翼羽长度与相关基因表达分析

PRLR和SPEF2基因重复是鸡快慢羽表型的分子基础，为探究羽型的分子调控机制，本试验量测了19和21胚龄（E）的快慢羽坝上长尾鸡和太行鸡主翼羽和覆主翼羽长度，采用RT-qPCR检测鸡胚翅羽PRLR、SPEF2、BMP2和FST的表达变化。结果显示19E时坝上长尾慢羽鸡主翼羽比覆主翼羽长1.35 mm(P<0.05)，慢羽表型不明显；而此时太行慢羽鸡主翼羽长于覆主翼羽0.42 mm(P>0.05)，慢羽表型明显。PRLR和SPEF2在2个品种慢羽鸡的表达均显著高于快羽鸡（P<0.05），分别在1.4和2.0倍以上；SPEF2在21E坝上长尾快慢羽鸡表达均显著高于19E(P<0.05)。BMP2表达在坝上长尾慢羽鸡中显著高于快羽鸡（P<0.05），而在不同胚龄太行快慢羽鸡中则无显著差异（P>0.05）;FST在19E坝上长尾慢羽鸡中表达量最低（P<0.05），而太行鸡19E的慢羽鸡表达量最高（P<0.05）。综上，太行鸡在19E已表现慢羽表型，而坝上长尾鸡的慢羽表型在21E才呈现；推测PRLR和SPEF2在慢羽翅羽毛囊中的高表达，以及BMP2和FST在太行鸡和坝上长尾鸡翅羽毛囊中的差异表达，参与慢羽表型的形成。本试验的研究发现为阐明鸡羽型形成的分子调控提供理论依据。

Analysis of the length of ?ight feathers and expression of relatedgenes of early and late-feathering chickens#br#

Duplication of PRLR and SPEF2 genes are the molecular basis of chicken early and late feather phenotype.In order to explore the molecular regulation mechanism of feather type, the length of main wing feather and overlying main wing feather of Bashang long-tailed chickens and Taihang chickens were measured at 19 and 21 embryonic age(E), and the expression changes of PRLR, SPEF2, BMP2 and FST were detected by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the main wing feather of Bashang long-tailed late feathered chickens was 1.35 mm longer than that of overlying main wing feather at 19E(P<0.05). The main wing feather of Taihang late feathered chickens was 0.42mm longer(P>0.05), displaying the obvious late feathered phenotype. The expression of PRLR and SPEF2 in two late feathered chickens were significantly higher than that in early feathered chickens(P<0.05). The expression of SPEF2 in 21E Bashang long-tailed early and late feathered chickens was significantly higher than that in 19E(P<0.05). The expression of BMP2 in Bashang long-tailed late feathered chickens was significantly higher than that in early feathered chickens(P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in Taihang early and late feathered chickens of different embryonic ages(P>0.05). The expression of FST was the lowest in 19E Bashang long-tailed late in chicken(P<0.05), while the expression of Taihang chicken was the highest at 19E(P<0.05). In conclusion,Taihang chickens showed late feathering phenotype at 19E, while Bashang long-tailed chicken showed late feathering phenotype at 21E. It is speculated that the high expression of PRLR and SPEF2 in the feather follicles of late feathering and the differential expression of BMP2 and FST in the feather follicles of Taihang chicken and Bashang long-tail chicken are involved in the formation of late feathering phenotype. The findings of this experiment provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the molecular regulation of chicken feather formation.