葡萄愈伤组织诱导及其染色体加倍

以葡萄叶片为外植体,在附加不同浓度2,4-D6、-BA及秋水仙素的MS、B5培养基上,均可诱导出愈伤组织;对颗粒状愈伤组织进行染色体鉴定结果表明:在加有秋水仙素的培养基上诱导的颗粒状愈伤组织均存在广泛的染色体变异,除2n=2x=38和2n=4x=76外,还有一些非整倍体细胞.其变异情况因品种、培养基而异.在加有20 mg/L秋水仙素,并附加1.0 mg/L 2,4-D和0.5 mg/L6-BA的B5培养基上,可获得加倍率高的愈伤组织;但诱导多倍化的愈伤组织均未分化成苗,这可能与愈伤组织染色体变异有关,或与诱导分化成苗的培养基、培养条件等因素有关.

Callus induction and chromosome doubling of grapevine

The calluses could be induced on Ms and B_5 medium with different concentration of 2,4-D,6-BA and colchicine,taken grape leaves as explants.The characteristics of induced calluses were closely related to genotypes,media and colchicines.Observed and identificated the chromosomes of induced granule calluses,the wide-ranging chromosome variation exists in granule calluses induced by media with colchicines.Except for normal 2n=2x=38 diploid and 2n=4x=76 tetraploid,aneuploid cells were also found.The difference of chromosome variation was related to genotypes and media.The calluses of higher doulling rate have been obtained from B_(5) medium with colchicine 20 mg/L,2,4-D 1.0 mg/L and 6-BA 0.5 mg/L.Regenerated plants have not been obtained from inducing calluses,this may be caused by the chromosome variation of calluses or medium and culture conditions.