添加高铜对生长肥育猪组织铜残留量及病理学变化影响的研究

选用60头杂交猪(杜×长×约)研究日粮铜添加水平对生长肥育猪组织铜残留量和病理学变化的影响。试验采用单因子设计,分别设0、100、200、300、400 mgCu/kg饲粮的添加水平,试验从20 kg开始,100 kg结束。结果表明:添加100~400 mg/kg的铜不同程度地增加了组织中铜的残留量,试验猪肝脏和肾脏中的铜含量随着饲粮铜添加水平的增加极显著的增加,呈二次曲线的变化规律,肝脏铜含量(y1,mg/kg)和肾脏中铜的含量(y2,mg/kg)与饲粮铜添加水平(x,mg/kg)之间的回归方程分别为:y1=11.3963-0.2920x+0.0022x2(R2=0.814,P=0.036);y2=8.7583-0.0043x+0.0002x2(R2=0.975,P=0.025)。根据回归方程可知,为了保证肝脏或肾脏中铜的含量不超过10 mg/kg,饲粮铜添加水平应不高于127.76或90.27 mg/kg。饲粮铜添加水平与组织器官铜浓度之间相关关系依次为:肝脏>肾脏>脾脏>心脏。添加100~400 mg/kg的铜,对肝脏、肾脏、心脏和脾脏造成了不同程度的病理性损伤,主要表现为不同程度的细胞变性、炎性细胞浸润和毛细血管出血。

Effect of Copper Supplementation on the Copper Content and Histopathological Changes of the Body Tissues in Growing-finishing Pigs

The effect of copper supplementation on the copper content and histopathological changes of the body tissues in the growing-finishing pigs is investigated in this study.In the experiment,sixty Duroc×Landrance×Yorkshire(DLY) piglets averaging 20kg were assigned to five dietary copper content treatment in a single factorial arrangement during 20～100?kg stage.Pigs received a diet containing about 0,100,200,300,400?mgCu/kg diet,respectively.The pigs were slaughtered when they weighted 100?kg.The results show that the copper content in the body tissues tends to increase with the increase of the copper supplementation.The regression equations of the copper contents in the liver (y_1,mg/kg) and the kidney(y_2,mg/kg) with the copper supplementation(x,mg/kg) are: y_1=11.3963-0.2920x+0.0022x~2(R~2=0.814,P=0.036) and y_2=8.7583-0.0043x+0.0002x~2(R~2=0.975,P=0.025).According to the regression equations,if "y_1" and "y_2" do not exceed 10?mg/kg,"x" can not exceed 127.76?mg/kg and 90.27?mg/kg.At histopathological level,the hepatocytes,epithelial cells of renal tubule,spleen and cardiac muscle cells mainly show granular and vacuolar degeneration.Supplemented with 100～400?mgCu/kg diet does harm to the body tissues at different extent.