小麦B染色体组起源的新探索

以圆锥小麦、一粒小麦以及B染色体组可能的供体种(拟斯卑尔脱山羊草、沙融山羊草、西尔斯山羊草、两角山羊草和高大山羊草)作母本,与黑麦属的五个种杂交。结果表明,圆小麦与森林黑麦杂交不成功,与栽培黑麦和山地黑麦杂交一般只产生无胚乳的种子,与非洲黑麦和瓦维洛夫黑麦杂交则结出正常的种子。这种可杂交性特点是B染色体组提供的,在所有可能的B染色体组的供体种中,只有拟斯卑尔脱山羊草和沙融山羊草具有上述可杂交性特点,表明这两个种是B染色体组的供体种。

A NEW APPROACH TO ORIGIN OF GENOME B OF WHEAT

Triticaum turgidum, T.mouococcum and propable donors of genomeB(Aegilops longissima, Ae. sgarsii, Ae. bicornis, Ae. sharonensis and Ae. speltoides) were as female parents in crosses with five s species in Secale.The results showed that hybridazation of T.turgidum with S. Sylvestre failed to produce any seeds; hybridazation with cultivated rye and S. montanum usually produced invighle shnivelled seeds, with S. africonum and S. vavilovii could produce viable seeds. This crossability characteristic were from genome B. Among the propable donor species of genome B, only Ae. speltoides and Ae. shuronensis possessed crossability characteristic of T. turgidum with Secale spectes, which indicated that both of them were donor species of genome B.