不同颜色防虫网对豇豆生长特性、产量及蓟马发生量的影响

目的]比较不同颜色（白色、绿色）防虫网设施大棚栽培对豇豆生长特性、产量及豇豆主要害虫蓟马发生量的影响,为绿色防虫网栽培技术在海南的推广应用提供科学依据.方法]2012年冬季～2013年春季,以露地栽培为对照,对白色、绿色防虫网设施大棚下豇豆生育期、株高、茎粗、节间长、叶片叶绿素指数、豆荚性状、商品产量及蓟马发生量等指标进行调查.结果]与露地栽培相比,豇豆在绿色防虫网覆盖条件下,抽蔓期提前5d,结荚期提前1d,采收期延长7 d;而白网覆盖下豇豆的生育期推迟;同一时期内,绿网覆盖下豇豆的株高、叶绿素指数均最高;白网、绿网覆盖和露地栽培在豇豆采摘盛期的荚长、荚横径和单荚重没有差异,但绿网覆盖下豇豆商品产量比白网覆盖提高8.63％,比露地栽培提高30.87％;不同颜色防虫网覆盖栽培下豇豆蓟马发生量达显著差异（P＜0.05）,且绿网内蓟马发生量低于白网和露地栽培.结论]绿色防虫网覆盖栽培能增加豇豆产量,减少蓟马危害,建议在海南南部冬季豇豆种植区推广绿色防虫网.

Effects of different color insect-proof nets on occurrence of thrips and growth characteristics and yield of cowpea

Objective ]The effects of different color insect-proof nets on occurrence of thrips and growth charac- teristics and yield of cowpea were compared to provide scientific references for the application and extension of culti- vation techniques of insect-proof nets in Hainan. Method ]With open field cultivation as the control, some indexes were investigated including growth period, plant height, stem diameter, internode length, leaf chlorophyll index, pod trait, commodity production and thrips occurrence. The cowpea was cultivated in greenhouses covered with white and green insect-proof net from 2012 winter to 2013 spring. Result]Compared to the control, shooting period of cowpea was 5 days earlier, pod period 1 day earlier and harvest period 7 days earlier in greenhouses covered with green in- sect-proof net, however the cowpea growth period was delayed. During the same cowpea growth period, the plant height and chlorophyll content index were the highest in green insect-proof net. Pod length, pod diameter and single pod weight were similar under different cultivation conditions, but commodity production of cowpea covered with green insect-proof net was 8.63% higher than the white, and 30.87% higher than the open field cultivation. The thrips oc- currence amount of cowpea covered with white and green insect-proof net decreased significantly than in the control, and thrips occurrence amount of cowpea covered with green insect-proof net was less than the white. Conclusion ]In green insect-proof net, cowpea yield can be increased and thrips occurrence amount can be reduced, hence green insect-proof net is recommendable in southern Hainan in the winter.