2010年冬～2011年春广西荔枝、龙眼冻害调查及灾后管理措施

【目的】了解2010年12月中下旬～2011年1月上旬严重霜冻和长时间低温对广西荔枝、龙眼生产的影响情况。【方法】采用面上调研、数据收集和实地调查相结合的方法,按荔枝、龙眼冻害分级标准对广西北缘产区藤县、桂平、平南、武宣和象州等县（市）荔枝、龙眼的冻害情况进行系统调查。【结果】被调查的5个县（市）荔枝、龙眼总受灾面积为13358ha,约占总面积的30%,其中象州、武宣和藤县受灾最重,冻害面积分别为670、1667和2887ha,分别占种植面积的100%、100%和67%,末次梢受害率达79.07%～100.00%;其次是平南和桂平,冻害面积分别为3467和4667ha,分别占种植面积的22%和20%,末次梢受害率达76.45%～99.62%。冻害特点为荔枝比龙眼受冻程度重,低洼果园比高坡果园受冻程度重。【建议】抓好受灾果园管理,适时适量供水,及时对树盘松土、覆盖,勤施薄施水肥,并根据不同冻害程度进行分级护理,以及加强受冻植株病虫害防治,争取最大限度减少灾害造成的损失。

Surveys on frost and cold damages to litchi and longan in Guangxi and control measures

Objective]A comprehensive survey was carried out to investigate the adverse effects of severe frost and prolonged winter chill on litchi and longan production in Guangxi from 15,December 2010 to January 2011.Method]The survey included northern litchi and longan growing areas in Tengxian,Guiping,Pingnan,Wuxuan and Xiangzhou counties(Cities) of Guangxi.Result]The statistical data showed that about 13.30 thousand hectares(kha) of litchi and longan fruit trees were injured or damaged accounting for 30% of th...