糖蜜和米糠对香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质的影响

【目的】考察单独或联合添加糖蜜和米糠对香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质的影响，为寻找出便于推广应用的青贮发酵方法提供参考依据。【方法】在对香蕉茎叶进行青贮发酵时，分别设添加4%乳酸菌（LAB组）、4%乳酸菌＋4%糖蜜（糖蜜组）、4%乳酸菌＋4%米糠（米糠组）、4%乳酸菌＋4%糖蜜＋4%米糠（混合组）4个处理组及不添加任何辅料的对照组，青贮30 d后对各青贮饲料品质指标进行测定分析。【结果】与对照组相比，4个处理组青贮饲料的发酵品质明显提高，其感官评分均高于51分，达到良好或优等青贮饲料的标准。其中，添加米糠（米糠组、混合组）可降低青贮饲料的水分含量，提高粗蛋白含量；添加糖蜜（糖蜜组、混合组）可明显改善青贮饲料的感官品质，提高蛋白质含量，降低pH、氨态氮和单宁含量；联合添加糖蜜与米糠（混合组）不仅显著提高了青贮饲料的干物质和粗蛋白含量，还有效降低了氨态氮、粗纤维和单宁含量，呈协同作用。【结论】复合添加乳酸菌、糖蜜和米糠能改善香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质，显著提高青贮饲料的消化利用率和营养价值。

Effects of molasses and rice bran on quality of banana stem and leaf silage

【Objective】This study was done to determine effects of molasses and rice bran on fermentation quality and chemical composition of banana stem and leaf silage. 【Method】Using single factor design, four treatment groups, i.e. 4% lactobacillus （LAB group）, 4% lactobacillus ＋ 4% molasses （molasses group）, 4% lactobacillus ＋ 4% rice bran （rice bran group）, 4% lactobacillus ＋ 4% molasses ＋ 4% rice bran （mixed group）, were applied to banana stem and leaf silage. The silage quality indexes of different treatments were statistically analyzed after 30 days. 【Result】The silage fermentation quality was markedly improved after four treatments in comparison with the control group （without additive）. Its view quality scored above 51 and all reached the standard of good or best silage. After adding rice bran （rice bran group and mixed group）, water content of silage was reduced, and crude protein content of silage was improved. After adding molasses （molasses group and mixed group）, sense quality and crude protein content of silage were obviously improved, and pH, ammonia-nitrogen and tannin of silage were reduced. After adding molasses and rice bran （mixed group）, not only the dry matter and crude protein content were improved, but also ammonia-nitrogen, coarse fiber and tannin content were reduced. 【Conclusion】The mixed group with lactobacillus, molasses and rice bran exhibited the best ensiling quality for banana stem and leaf, and the silage utilization rate and nutrition value were greatly improved.