长期施用含氯化肥对甘蔗和土壤氯积累的影响

在甘蔗上连续四年施用含氯化肥的长期定位试验,结果表明:在等氮、磷、钾养分条件下,含氯化肥的施用对甘蔗的蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量未产生显著不良影响;蔗叶和蔗汁的氯含量随施氯量的增加而增加,但施氯量对蔗叶和蔗汁中氮、磷、钾含量无不良影响;在第四年,施氯量最大的处理,其0～20cm土层土壤的氯含量较基础土壤仅增加15～17mg/kg;施含氯化肥可使土壤pH值降低。因此,含氯化肥可以在甘蔗上使用,但在酸性土壤施用,应适当配合碱性肥料,防止土壤的酸化。

Effects of long-term application of chloride-bearing fertilizers on sugarcane and accumulated chlorine in soils

The long-term experiment for 4 years on continuous application of chloride-bearing fertilizers in sugarcane field was conducted.The results showed that there were no significant bad effects on the cane yield and sucrose yield by applying chloride-bearing fertilizers under the equivalent N,P,and K fertilizers.The Cl content in leaves of sugarcane and cane juice increased with the increase of the applied Cl,and the contents of N,P,and K in the tissues of sugarcane were not affected adversely by the applied amount of Cl.The Cl content in top soil of the maximum applied rate of Cl treatment only increased over that of basal soil by 15-17 mg/kg at the harvesting time for the fourth crop.The results also indicated that applying chloride-bearing fertilizers could make soil pH value lower.It was suggested that chloride-bearing fertilizers could be applied for sugarcane but it should be with other alkaline fertilizers in acid soils to prevent soils acidification.