野生及人工养殖七彩神仙鱼肌肉成分的比较

对野生七彩神仙鱼、牛心汉堡养殖七彩神仙鱼和配合饲料养殖七彩神仙鱼的肌肉成分进行了分析比较。结果表明:野生七彩神仙鱼肌肉中粗蛋白最高,配合饲料养殖的七彩神仙鱼次之,牛心汉堡养殖的七彩神仙鱼最低(P0.05);野生七彩神仙鱼粗脂肪含量低于2种养殖七彩神仙鱼(P0.05),2种养殖七彩神仙鱼的粗脂肪含量没有显著差异(P0.05);3种不同摄食模式的七彩神仙鱼肌肉水分含量和灰分之间没有显著差异(P0.05)。3种不同摄食模式七彩神仙鱼的氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有17种氨基酸,含量最高的为谷氨酸(Glu),9种必需氨基酸中含量最高的为赖氨酸(Lys)。3种不同摄食模式的七彩神仙鱼肌肉中主要含有19种脂肪酸,6种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、5种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和8种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)中主要的脂肪酸分别为棕榈酸(C16∶0)、油酸(C18∶1)和花生四烯酸(C20∶4);19种脂肪酸中EPA(0.93%~1.86%)和DHA(1.57%~2.35%)的含量较低。为推断七彩神仙鱼的营养需求量及科学配制七彩神仙鱼配合饲料提供依据。

Comparison of muscle composition of wild and cultured discus fishes Symphysodon spp.

The present study was conducted to compare the muscle composition of wild discus fish Symphysodon sp., and cultured discus fish fed beef heart burger diet and formula diet. Results showed that crude protein content in muscle of wild discus fish was significantly higher, and crude fat content was significantly lower than that in cultured discus fish (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in moisture and ash contents among the three groups (P>0.05). Seventeen kinds of amino acids were measured in the muscle of the three types of fish. Glu had the highest value among all amino acids, and Lys had the highest value among essential amino acids. Both wild and cultured discus fishes had 19 kinds of fatty acids, which shared the similar fatty acids mode. C16: 0, C18: 1 and C20: 4 had the highest level in SFA, MUFA, and PUFA, respectively. The EPA and DHA contents in three discus fishes ranged from 0.93% to 1.86% and from 1.57% to 2.35%, respectively. The result provided the academic basis to infer the nutritional requirement and develop formulated feed for discus fish.