石菖蒲提取物及其初步分离物的抑菌活性研究

目的]研究石菖蒲对动物病原菌的抗菌活性。方法]采用滤纸片法和带药培养基涂布法测定了中药植物石菖蒲茎和叶甲醇提取物对13种动物病原菌的抑菌活性;采用液-液萃取法对石菖蒲茎提取物的抑菌活性成分进行初步分离,并测定各萃取物的抑菌活性。结果]用带药培养基涂布法测定,石菖蒲茎提取物对表皮葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌、溶壁微球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、痢疾志贺氏菌、伤寒杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌9种供试菌有较好的抑菌作用,其最低抑制浓度（MIC值）分别为1.5、2.5、3.5、2.0、1.5、2.5、2.5、3.5、2.5g/L,对变形杆菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌和白色念珠菌4种病原菌在样品浓度为10g/L时无抑菌活性;石菖蒲叶提取物的抑菌活性较差,在浓度为10g/L时,对痢疾志贺氏菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌在72h有抑菌活性,对其余供试菌无抑菌活性。用滤纸片法测定,结果与用带药培养基涂布法基本一致,但抑菌圈较小。用1.0g/L的各萃取物样品处理供试病原菌72h,正丁醇萃取物对9种供试病原菌有抑菌作用,石油醚萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物和水萃取物无抑菌作用。结论]中药植物石菖蒲对多种动物病原菌具有抑菌活性,茎的抑菌活性高于叶,抑菌活性物质主要存在于正丁醇萃取物中。

Study on Inhibitory Activity of Traditional Chinese Drug Plant Acorus tatarinowii Schott. against Pathogens of Animals

Objective]The aim was to study inhibitory activity of traditional chinese drug plant Acorus tatarinwii Schott.against pathogens of animals.Methods]The inhibitory activities of the methanol extracts from stems and leaves of traditional Chinese drug plant Acorus tatarinowii Schott.against 13 pathogens of animals were determined by filter paper disk method and culture medium coating method.The active ingredients of extract from stems of Acorus tatarinowii Schott.were preliminarily isolated by liquid-liquid e...