湖北省三角湖水生植物物种多样性研究

目的]研究湖北省三角湖水生植物物种多样性和群落多样性,探讨三角湖水生植物多样性丧失的原因和保护途径。方法]于2007年4~9月,在三角湖采集水生植物标本,鉴别种类并记录物种多度值,水生植物的范畴按Cook的水生植物概念定义,相对数量采用Braun-Blanquet多度等级划分标准划分,群丛采用优势种原则命名。结果]三角湖分布有水生植物21科33属43种,优势种为水菖蒲(Typha angustifolia)、莲(Nelumbo nucifera)、凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes)和浮萍(Lemna minor)。三角湖的水生植物群落可划分为23个群丛类型,其物种多样性丧失的主要原因是过度养殖、污染等人为干扰。结论]三角湖受到了严重的污染,植物多样性降低,保护和恢复其水生植物多样性已迫在眉睫。

Study on the Diversity of Aquatic Plant Species in Sanjiao Lake of Hubei Province

Objective] The purpose was to study the species and community diversities of aquatic plants in Sanjiao Lake of Hubei Province and discuss the reason for aquatic plant diversity loss in Sanjiao Lake and the protective approach.Method] From April to September in 2007,the aquatic plant samples were collected in Sanjiao Lake to identify their species and record their species abundance values.The category of aquatic plant was defined depending on aquatic plant concept of Cook,the relative quantities were divided according to Braun-Blanquet division standard of abundance gradation and the clusters were named with dominant species principle.Result] There were 43 species of aquatic plants belonging to 33 genera in 21 families distributed in Sanjiao Lake and the dominant species were Typha angustifolia,Nelumbo nucifera,Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna minor.The aquatic plant communities in Sanjiao Lake could be divided into 23 cluster types and the main reasons for species diversity loss were man-made disturbances of excessive aquaculture and pollution,etc.Conclusion] Sanjiao Lake got severe pollution,so its plant diversity reduced.It was urgent to protect and resume the aquatic plant diversity in Sanjiao Lake.