哈尔滨市古树名木现状分析及保护对策研究

根据对哈尔滨市8个行政区的调查,从树种、空间、树龄和生境4个方面分析了哈尔滨市古树名木的分布特点,哈尔滨市共有古树名木1 024株,其中名木1株,古树名木隶属于11科15属16种,其中榆树数量最多,占81%;主要分布在南岗区、香坊区和阿城区;树龄主要集中在100～199年,200年以上的古树稀少,最大树龄约281年;其生境主要分布于城市公共绿地系统中。指出了哈尔滨市古树名木保护中存在日常养护不足、保护力度不够、城市市政规划设不合理、环境污染、有法不依等问题,提出了完善古树名木档案建设,加强规划管理,加大资金投入,建立建全专业保护队伍以及严格执法等保护古树名木的建议。

Current Situation and Conservation Strategy of Ancient and Famous Tree Resources in Harbin

Based on a field investigation in the eight districts of Harbin,the distribution features of ancient and famous trees in Harbin were discussed from their species,space,age and habitats.There are a total of 1 024 ancient and famous trees in Harbin,belonging to 16 species in 15 genera,among which there were only one famous tree.Most of the trees are Ulmus pumila L.,accounting for 81%;those trees are mainly distributed in Nangang district,Xiangfang district and Acheng district;their ages were in the range of 100-199 a,very few trees were more than 200 a,the oldest tree was about 281 a;their habitats was distributed mainly in urban public green space system.Some problems in the protection of these trees were pointed out,including a lack of daily care,weak protection,irrational city planning,environmental pollution,etc.,and finally some suggestions were proposed,for example,to construct a database about ancient and famous trees,improve their management,increase the financial investment,establish professional teams and strict law enforcement to protect the trees.