2种多肉植物在室内环境中的光合及蒸腾特性研究

目的]研究多肉植物长寿花(Kalanchoe blossfeldiana'Sensation')和花蔓草(Aptenia cordifolia)在室内环境中的光合特性和蒸腾特性,为其室内应用提供理论依据。方法]以观赏性好、市场拥有率高的多肉植物长寿花和花蔓草为试验材料,通过对室内不同环境中光强、温度、湿度的持续研究,得到了室内光分布的曲线变化图,选取其中具有代表性的室内不同光照强度环境作为试验区域,用LI-6400便携式光合系统测定仪测定试验材料的CO2净吸收速率和蒸腾速率的昼夜变化,分别计算昼夜的固碳量和蒸腾释水量。结果]长寿花和花蔓草在不同光环境中蒸腾速率的昼夜变化趋势和CO2净吸收速率的昼夜变化相似;从吸收CO2方面考虑,在南向房间中长寿花和花蔓草均宜放在1 052～1 360μmol/(m2.s)的光环境中,在北向房间中长寿花则宜放于北窗区域,而花蔓草易放于东向窗附近区域;从降低空气湿度方面考虑,在南向房间中长寿花和花蔓草宜放在1 052～1 360μmol/(m2.s)的光环境中,在北向房间中花蔓草和长寿花则宜放于北窗区域,且长寿花在北向房间的北窗区域的蒸腾量要比在南向窗区的蒸腾量还多。结论]该研究可为将长寿花和花蔓草更好地应用于室内设计提供指导。

Study on the Photosynthetic and Transpiration Characteristics of Two Succulents in Indoor Environment

Objective] To study the photosynthetic and transpiration characteristics of two succulents(Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ’Sensation’ and Aptenia cordifolia in indoor environment,so as to provide theoretical basis for their application in indoor decoration.Method] Through a continual study of indoor light intensity,temperature and humidity,a curve map about the change of indoor light was drawn.At the same time,five representative indoor environments with different light intensities were selected as the experimental area,and then a LI-6400 portable photosynthetic system tester was used to detect the diurnal variation of CO2 net absorption rate and transpiration rate,and carbon capacity and transpiration water release were measured.Result] The diurnal variation of CO2 net absorption rate and transpiration rate in the two plants was basically the same in different light environment.In consideration of CO2,it is appropriate to put the two plants in a 1 052-1 360 μmol/(m2·s) light environment in the southward house,and put Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ’Sensation’ by the north window and the Aptenia cordifolia by the east window of the northward house.In view of reducing air humidity,both plants should be put in a 1 052-1 360 μmol/(m2·s) light environment in the southward house,while by the north window of northward house,the transpiration amount of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ’Sensation’ put at the north window of northward house was more than that put at the window of southward house.Conclusion] The study provided references for the better application of(Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ’Sensation’ and Aptenia cordifolia in indoor decoration.