萃取法制备辣椒碱提取工艺的研究

为辣椒碱的制备奠定理论基础。以辣椒为原料,研究料液比、乙醇浓度、提取温度及时间对提取得率的影响,采用正交试验设计优化有机溶剂萃取法制备辣椒碱的提取工艺。提取辣椒碱的适宜条件为:乙醇浓度50%~70%,浸提温度60~80℃,浸提时间1 h内,料液比1∶8~1∶15。4个因素对辣椒碱提取得率的影响程度依次为提取温度>乙醇浓度>提取间>料液比。最佳工艺是:70%的乙醇浸提辣椒3次,料液比为1∶10,提取温度80℃,浸提时间1 h,按此工艺,辣椒素得率达0.456%±0.048%。有机溶剂萃取法有效地提取了辣椒碱,且对辣椒中的其他成分没有破坏作用,是制备辣椒碱的好方法。

Research on the Extraction Technology of Preparing Capsaicin by Extraction Method

The theoretical foundation for preparing capsaicin was established.With capsicum as raw material,the influences of ratio of material to liquid,ethanol concentration,extraction temperature and time on extraction rate were studied.The extraction technology of preparing capsaicin by organic solvent extraction was optimized by orthogonal test design.The suitable conditions of extracting capsaicin were as follows: ethanol concentration of 50%～70%,extraction temperature of 60～80 ℃,extraction time of 1 h and ratio of material to liquid of 1∶8～1∶15.The influence degree of 4 factors on the extraction rate of capsaicin was extraction temperature > ethanol concentration > extraction time > ratio of material to liquid.The optimum technology was extracting capsicum with 70% ethanol for 3 times and 1 h at 80 ℃,with ratio of material to liquid of 1:10,on which the capsaicin yield was up to 0.456%±0.048%.Organic solvent extraction could extract capsaicin effectively and had no destructive effect on the other components in capsicum,which was a good method of preparing capsaicin.