广西主要蔗区甘蔗宿根矮化病调查

【目的】调查广西主要蔗区甘蔗宿根矮化病(Ratoon stuning disease,RSD)的发生情况,了解其分布、危害程度及发生规律,为推广甘蔗健康种苗,有效防控RSD提供科学依据。【方法】2013~2014年在广西9个糖料蔗主产区进行RSD发生情况调查和田间取样,采用PCR对采集的蔗茎样品进行RSD检测,并按不同蔗区、不同品种、不同植期、不同蔗地类型的发病率分析广西蔗区RSD发生状况。【结果】在278个样品中有198个样品检测出RSD,检出率为71.2%;调查的9个主产区均检测出RSD,阳性检出率在58.3%~100.0%;采集的27个甘蔗品种(系)均检测出RSD,其中主栽品种ROC22发病严重,RSD检出率达80.8%;新植蔗的RSD检出率为36.0%,宿根蔗的RSD检出率为75.7%,宿根年限越长,RSD检出率越高;旱地蔗的RSD发病率比水田高18.1%(绝对值)。【结论】RSD在广西普遍发生且发生严重,生产中急需推广甘蔗温水脱毒种苗和选育高抗且综合性状优良的甘蔗品种。

Investigation on sugarcane ratoon stunting disease in main sugarcane areas of Guangxi

Objective]The occurrence of sugarcane ratoon stunting disease(RSD) in main sugarcane areas in Guangxi was investigated, and distribution, damage degree and occurrence regularity of RSD were studied to provide a scientific basis for healthy sugarcane seedling promotion and effective control of RSD. Method]Samples were collected randomly from nine Guangxi main sugarcane areas from 2013 to 2014 and occurence of RSD was investigated. RSD test was conducted on the samples collected by PCR. Occurrence rate of RSD in Guangxi sugarcane areas was analyzed from perspectives of sugarcane area, variety, planting period and field type. Result]RSD was detected in 198 sugarcane stem samples out of 278 ones, and the detection rate was 71.2%. RSD was detected in all nine main sugarcane areas, with positive detection rate being 58.3%-100.0%. RSD was detected in 27 collected sugarcane varieties(strains), in which the main variety ROC22 was seriously infected and its detection rate was 80.8%. RSD detection rate of new planting sugarcane was 36.0% while that of the ratoon cane was 75.7%. As ratoon years extended, RSD detection rate increased. The incidence of RSD in dry lands was 18.1% higher than in paddy fields(absolute value). Conclusion]The occurrence of RSD is widespread and serious in Guangxi. In planting, virus-free seedlings by hot water should be promoted and resistant varieties with superior traits should be bred to cope with the problems.