平榛、欧榛及种间杂种过氧化物酶同工酶分析

为了阐明过氧化物(POD)同工酶在榛品种中的分布规律，探讨平榛、欧榛及其杂种榛之间的亲缘关系，选育优势杂交亲本，本试验采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳，研究了34个榛品种(系)成熟叶过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶酶谱特征，结果表明：平榛、欧榛及其平欧杂种榛品种间酶谱具有较大差异；有的杂种品种遗失了父母本共有谱带P10；32个平欧杂种榛品种出现了双亲所不具有的新酶带，可作为鉴别杂种的一条途径。运用SAS软件的系统聚类类平均法，对34个品种进行聚类，分析聚类谱系图可知，大多数杂种榛与欧榛亲缘关系近而与平榛亲缘关系远，其中83-63、84-72和父本欧榛的亲缘关系最近，为优势回交亲本组合。

Analysis of Peroxidase Isoenzyme of Corylus heterophylla Fisch, Corylus avellana L and Interspecific Hybrid

In order to clarify the rules of POD isoenzyme in the hazelnut, identify their blood relations between female, male and filial generations and select the superior parents for cross-breeding, we have studied the characteristics of peroxidase isoenzyme which are distributed in the 34 hazelnut varieties or lines by polyarclamide gel electrophoresis, The results showed that：POD isoenzymes of Corylus heterophylla Fisch, Corylus avellana L, and the hybrid of Corylus heterophylla Fisch × Corylus avellana L had obvious difference; some hybrids had lost P10 spectrum band of parents; the enzyme spectrum of 32 hybrid hazelnuts produced ‘new hybrid spectrum bands’that could be considered as a mean to identify hybrids.The picture of the relationship between 34 cultivars or lines in hazelnut was made by system clustering method. On the basis of the picture, the majority of hybrids showed the close relation to Corylus avellana L. and the distant relation to Corylus heterophylla Fisch. The distances of 83-63 and Corylus avellana L,84-72 and Corylus avellana L were minimum, the blood relations of 83-63、84-72 and Corylus avellana L were the closest. They were superior parents in the selected varieties for cross-breeding