外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆鼓粒期生理和产量的影响

干旱胁迫降低大豆产量,探究提高大豆耐旱能力和降低产量损失的机制对大豆生产具有重要意义。施褪黑素能缓解干旱胁迫对植株生长的抑制和氧化损伤。本试验于2017—2018年研究叶面喷施褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆鼓粒期叶片光合、抗逆、碳氮代谢和产量的影响表明,外源褪黑素提高干旱胁迫下大豆叶片抗氧化酶活性,抑制活性氧的产生和细胞膜损伤,缓解干旱胁迫对光合能力的抑制,提高碳氮同化能力,最终缓解干旱胁迫造成的产量损失。与干旱胁迫相比,褪黑素处理下单株荚数、单株粒数和百粒重两年平均提高了2.9%、0.8%和17.2%,产量(单株粒重)平均提高了14.7%。

Effects of exogenous melatonin on physiology and yield of soybean during seed filling stage under drought stress

Drought stress reduces soybean yield. Exploring the mechanism of improving drought tolerance and reducing yield loss is of great significance for soybean production. Melatonin application can alleviate the growth inhibition and oxidative damage of plants under drought stress. In this experiment, the effects of foliar application of melatonin on photosynthesis, stress resistance, carbon and nitrogen metabolism and yield of soybean during seed filling stage under drought stress were studied in 2017-2018. The application exogenous melatonin increased the antioxidant enzyme activity, inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species, decreased cell membrane damage under drought stress, alleviated the inhibition of photosynthetic capacity by drought stress, improved the carbon and nitrogen assimilation ability, and alleviated the yield loss caused by drought stress. Compared with drought stress, the treatment of melatonin increased the number of pods per plant, the grain number per plant and the hundred grain weight by 2.9%, 0.8%, and 17.2% on average of two years, respectively, and the yield (grain weight per plant) increased by 14.7%.