陡坡地饲草玉米生物篱的生态效益研究

坡地水土流失对三峡库区生态环境与可持续性发展构成双重压力。生物篱技术是一条有效防治水土流失、提高土地生产潜力的坡地改良利用途径。本研究以饲草玉米为纽带营建坡地生物篱模式,经4a定位试验探讨了其生长状况和水土保持效益。结果表明,饲草玉米生物篱能有效改善陡坡地土壤性状、固持土壤、截持径流、减少养分流失,对减少库区水土流失与面源污染,保持和提高坡地生产力具有重要作用。

Ecological Effects of Forage Maize Hedgerow on Abrupt Slope Land

Slope-land plays an important role in the agricultural economy in th Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and its soil and water loss brings a double pressure on both eco-environment of the reservoir area and the sustainable development of agriculture. Preventing soil erosion and improving productivity of slope-land is the main target of the plant hedgerow technology. On the basis of contour tillage and agro-forestry, this paper choosed the forage maize（ SAUMZ 1 ）as the hedgerow plant and carried out a long-term observation on its growing properties and the ecological benefits of improving soil physical and chemical properties and conserving soil and water on the abrupt slope land. A four-year study showed that the forage maize was suitable to growing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and the grass hedgerow was effective in improving soil fertility and preserving soil and water loss, especially in reducing the amount of soil erosion. Compared with the control treatment, soil organic matter had been raised 17.45%, runoff had been reduced by 35.71% up to 57.05% and soil erosion had been reduced by 41.41% up to 75.20%. Meanwhile, the grass hedgerow also bringed an obvious reduction of soil nutrient loss and of nonpoint source pollution. It should be widely extended to contribute greatly to sustainable agricultural development and eco-environmental protection in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.