江苏省典型茶园土壤酸化趋势及其制约因素研究

茶园土壤酸化日趋严重已成为当前茶叶生产中的突出问题。为制定茶园土壤酸化的控制对策,本文采用定位监测的方法,分析了江苏省茶园土壤酸化现状和土壤pH降低速率的动态变化及其与酸雨、土壤性质的关系。2008—2010年间江苏省21个典型茶场调查结果显示:所有被调查的茶园土壤pH值均低于茶树生长最适值5.5,其中pH值低于4.0的茶园比例达42.8%。2003—2010年间,江苏省茶园土壤pH降低速率呈现先逐年增大后减小的变化规律,期间2007年土壤pH降低速率达到最大。茶园土壤酸化及其动态变化受研究区域酸雨强度和频率的影响,同时土壤pH降低速率与土壤有机质、交换性盐基总量呈极显著的负相关,与土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)、黏粒含量存在显著的负相关关系。

Study on soil acidification and its restrictive factors of typical tea garden in Jiangsu Province

Soil acidification of tea garden has gradually become into one of the prominent problems in tea production. In order to establish the effective countermeasures against soil acidification of tea garden, by the method of positioning monitoring, soil acidification of tea garden in Jiangsu Province, the trend of soil pH decreasing rate as well as its relationship with acid rain and soil properties were analyzed synchronously in this paper. The results derived from the investigation of 21 typical tea gardens in Jiangsu Province between 2008 and 2010 showed that soil pH values of tea garden were all lower than the optimal pH 5.5 for tea growth, among which, pH values lower than 4.0 accounted for 42.8%. From 2003 to 2010, soil pH decreasing rate of tea garden in Jiangsu province increased firstly but decreased later and the maximum value occurred in 2007. Soil pH decreasing rate of tea garden was affected by the intensity and frequency of acid rain. meanwhile, there were extremely significantly negative correlation between pH decreasing rate and soil organic matter content as well as total exchangeable bases, while significantly negative correlations between pH decreasing rate and soil cation exchange capacity and soil clay content.