负压灌溉对黄瓜产量品质及水氮利用效率的影响

采用新型负压灌溉,研究了不同供水负压和氮肥水平对黄瓜产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,负压灌溉可以显著提高黄瓜产量和水氮利用效率、改善黄瓜品质。与常规灌溉水氮处理(W1N1)相比,负压灌溉水氮处理(W2N1和W3N1)黄瓜产量分别提高了69.3%、20.1%;水分利用效率提高了149.8%、165.6%;氮肥表观利用率提高了52.3%和23.7%;通过因子分析方法和综合评价得出,影响黄瓜品质的关键因子依次为:果实内质因子(45.38%)、果实数量因子(36.32%)和商品瓜率因子(21.10%),说明黄瓜果实的营养成分是影响果实品质最主要的因子,再次为果实数量和商品瓜率因子。综合分析不同水氮处理对黄瓜产量、水氮利用率和品质的影响,推荐W2N1和W3N1两个处理即供水水头为-5 k Pa、-10 k Pa,施氮量(N)为0.3 g/kg为较适宜水氮组合方案。

Effects of negative pressure irrigation on yield,quality and water and nitrogen use efficiency of cucumber

To study the effects of different water supply tension and nitrogenous fertilizer amount on yield,quality and water and nitrogen use efficiency of cucumber,a pot experiment was conducted,using a negative pressure water supplying.Results showed that negative pressure irrigation increased yield and water use efficiency of cucumber and improved the quality of cucumber.Yield,water use efficiency and apparent N recovery at W2N1 were 69.3％,149.8％and 52.3％higher than those at conventional treatment(W1N1);Yield,water use efficiency and apparent N recovery at W3N1 were 20.1％,165.6％and 23.7％higher than those at conventional treatment(W1N1).The primary factors affecting the quality of cucumber were fruit interior quality(45.38％),amount(36.32％)and marketable fruit rate(21.10％)by the method of factor analysis and comprehensive evaluation.The above results indicated that W2N1 and W3N1 were more suitable for cucumber growth.