铜陵矿区周边莲藕重金属元素含量及健康风险评价

有色金属开采、冶炼会引起周围土壤和水体的重金属元素污染,这些重金属元素可通过食物链进入人体,从而对当地居民身体健康造成危害。本研究以我国重要的有色金属生产基地铜陵市为对象,分析莲藕5种重金属元素(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As)含量及其健康风险,以期为有色金属矿区农田土壤的高效合理利用提供科学依据。结果表明:研究区内莲藕种植地表层土壤存在着不同程度的重金属元素污染,其中Cd的污染最为严重;莲藕中5种重金属元素含量均符合国家食品安全限量标准;土壤与莲藕之间重金属元素的转运系数(TF)极低,莲藕中Cd、As、Pb含量仅与DTPA和NH4OAc提取态含量存在显著的相关性;单一元素的目标风险指数(THQ)及5种元素的总目标风险指数(TTHQ)计算结果均低于1,表明食用研究区内的莲藕不存在健康风险。对于铜陵有色矿区而言,莲藕种植可作为提高重金属污染土壤利用率的一种合适的选择。

Heavy metal content and health risk assessment of lotus roots around the Tongling mining area,China

The mining and smelting of non-ferrous metals can cause heavy metal pollution in the surrounding soil and water. These heavy metals can enter the human body through the food chain and harm the health of local residents. In this study, in order to provide a scientific basis for the efficient and rational use of farmland soil in non-ferrous metal mining areas, the contents of five heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and As) in lotus roots and their health risks were analyzed in Tongling City, an important non-ferrous metal production base in China. The results showed that different levels of heavy metal pollution exist in the surface soil of the lotus root planting area, and the pollution by Cd is most serious. The contents of the five heavy metals in the lotus rootsis within the required limit as per the National Food Safety Limit Standards; Further, the Transfer Factor (TF)of heavy metals between the soil and lotus roots was extremely low. The contents of Cd, As and Pb in lotus roots were significantly correlated with the extractive contents of DTPA and NH₄OAc. The calculated results of the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) of a single heavy metal and the Total Target Hazard Quotient (TTHQ)of the five elements were all below 1, indicating that there is no health risk from lotus roots in the study area. Therefore, in the Tongling non-ferrous mining area, the cultivation of lotus roots can be used to improve the utilization of heavy metals contaminated soil.