电子束辐照对乙酰甲胺磷的降解效果研究

为考察乙酰甲胺磷的辐照降解效果,以乙酰甲胺磷溶液和添加了乙酰甲胺磷的玉米糁为试验对象,研究了电子束辐照剂量、溶液初始浓度、pH值、KMnO₄用量对乙酰甲胺磷的降解效果及辐照剂量对玉米糁中乙酰甲胺磷的降解效果。结果表明,乙酰甲胺磷的降解率随着辐照剂量的增加而升高;同一辐照剂量下,降解率随着乙酰甲胺磷溶液初始浓度的增大而降低;辐照剂量为9 kGy时,乙酰甲胺磷的降解率达到最大值,初始浓度为25、50、100、150 mg·L^-1水溶液中的乙酰甲胺磷降解率分别为95.76%、94.32%、90.40%、65.60%,玉米糁中的降解率为44.05%;溶液pH值为中性条件时,乙酰甲胺磷的辐照降解效果优于酸性;KMnO₄对溶液中乙酰甲胺磷的辐照降解率具有明显影响,当辐照剂量为7 kGy时,8×10^-4 mol·L^-1的KMnO₄可使初始浓度为100 mg·L^-1的乙酰甲胺磷溶液降解率达到94.10%。本研究结果为电子束辐照降解乙酰甲胺磷等有机磷类农药残留提供了理论参考和科学依据。

Effect of Electronic Beam Irradiation on the Degradation of Acephate

In order to investigate the degradation of acephate by irradiation. Parameters affecting the electron beam degradation process of acephate solution and added acephate in corn grit were analyzed through single factor experiments with irradiation dose, initial concentration, pH, KMnO₄ dosage considered. The results showed that the degradation rate of acephate went up with the increase of irradiation dose, decreased with the increase of the initial concentration of acephate at the same irradiation dose, and reached the maximum when the dose increased to 9 kGy. The degradation rates of acephate with initial concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 150 mg·L^-1 were 95.76%, 94.32%, 90.40%, and 65.60%, respectively, whereas the degradation rate in corn grit was 44.05%.In addition, when the pH value of the solution was neutral, the irradiation degradation effect of acephate was better than that at acidity. There was a significant effect of KMnO₄ on the irradiation degradation rate of acephate solution. When the concentration of KMnO₄ was 8×10^-4 mol·L^-1, the degradation rate of 100 mg·L^-1 acephate was 94.10% after 7 kGy dose irradiation. In this study, the results could provide a scientific basis in the degradation of organophosphorus pesticides by electron beam irradiation.