辐照协同甲酸分离油茶壳中纤维素、木质素和木糖的工艺研究

为了提高油菜壳木质纤维素分离效率,本试验以油茶壳为原料,研究不同辐照剂量(0、200、400、600、800 kGy)处理后其粉碎能耗、粒度分布和化学组分的变化,同时开展辐照协同甲酸分离油茶壳木质纤维素的工艺研究。结果表明,辐照处理后油茶壳粉碎能耗降低,粉碎后细颗粒样品所占比例增加,经400 kGy剂量辐照处理的油茶壳粉碎能耗比对照节约43.59%,800 kGy剂量辐照处理的油茶壳粉碎后粒径<0.075 mm的颗粒占比达到41.38%。辐照处理后油茶壳木质纤维素发生降解,水溶性组分、水溶性单糖、聚糖含量均增加。辐照协同甲酸分离油茶壳纤维素、木质素和木糖的最佳工艺为:辐照剂量400 kGy,反应温度100℃,反应时间3 h,在此条件下分离获得的油茶壳纤维素、木质素、木糖的提取率分别为89.94%、47.74%和96.37%,纤维素和木质素纯度分别为45.05%和91.92%。本研究结果对油茶壳木质纤维素全组分的高效分离和应用具有重要意义。

Separation Process of Cellulose,Lignin and Xylose From Camellia Oleifera Shell by Irradiation and Formic Acid

In order to improve the separation efficiency of camellia oleifera shell lignocellulose. Herein, the camellia oleifera shell was used as material to study the changes of crushing energy consumption, particle size distribution and chemical composition with pretreatment of different irradiation dose (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 kGy), and the co-separation process of camellia oleifera shell lignocellulose with formic acid and irradiation was studied in this research. The results showed that the crushing energy consumption of camellia oleifera shell was decreased and the proportion of small particle sample was increased with the increase of irradiation dose. The crushing energy consumption of 400 kGy irradiated camellia oleifera shell could save 43.59% compared with the control, and the proportion of d<0.075 mm particles for crushed camellia oleifera shell reached to 41.38% when the irradiation dose was 800 kGy. The lignocellulose was degraded, and the content of water-soluble components, soluble monosaccharides and polysaccharides were increased after irradiation treatment.The optimal process for the separation was determined as irradiation dose 400 kGy, reaction temperature 100℃, and reaction time 3 h, under which the extraction rate of cellulose, lignin and xylose from camellia oleifera shell were 89.94%, 47.74% and 96.37%, respectively, and the purity of cellulose and lignin were 45.05% and 91.92%, respectively. This study is of great significance for the efficient separation and ultilization of the full composition of camellia oleifera shell lignocellulose.