稀释液溶质组合及渗透压对鸡精子体外保存时间和形态的影响

研究了8种稀释液溶质精确的渗透压和用其配制的13种鸡精液稀释液对鸡精子的保存效果.结果显示,无机盐氯化钠、氯化钾在350 mmol/L渗透压浓度单独使用时可以获得较高的精子存活时间和精子生存指数,但不利于维持鸡精子细胞膜的完整性.有机盐柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸钾最佳的渗透压值应该在350~400 mmol/L.谷氨酸钠最佳渗透压不是等渗,而是偏低渗.3种有机盐溶液对鸡精子形态有保护作用。葡萄糖、蔗糖、果糖单成分液均有保护鸡精子形态完整的良好作用;最适渗透压浓度葡萄糖为250 mmol/L,蔗糖为200~250 mmol/L.氯化钠和氯化钾以5∶1比例制成350 mmol/L渗透压浓度溶液时可以获得比单独使用时更高的精子存活时间和生存指数,但不能改变无机盐对鸡精子细胞膜的破坏作用.250 mmol/L谷氨酸钠和450 mmol/L的果糖以1∶2组合后可以获得较为理想的鸡精子机能和形态保存效果.

Effects of solutes and osmotic pressure of extender on survival tin and form of chicken sperm preserved in vitro

The precision osmotic pressure of eight solutes and in vitro preservation effects of 13 chicken semen extenders that compounded by these eight solutes were studied.The results showed that when inorganic salt sodium chloride,potassium chloride were respectively used under the osmotic pressure of 350 mmol/L,the survival time and survival index of sperms were both higher,but it is not beneficial to keep the integrality of cell membrane of the chicken sperms.The optimum osmotic pressure value(OOPV)of two organic salt,i.e.sodium citrate and potassium citrate,were from 350 mmol/L to 400 mmol/L.OOPV of sodium glutamic was not isotonic,but hypotonic.Three organic salt extenders had the protection function to the chicken sperm appearance.The single composition extenders of glucose,sucrose and fructose all had good function of protecting chicken sperm appearance integrity,the optimum OOPV of them were 250 mmol/L,the optimum OOPV of sucrose was 200～250 mmol/L.When potassium chloride and sodium citrate were mixed by the ratio of 5∶1,the osmotic pressure of the solution was 350 mmol/L,higher sperm survival index and survival time of sperm could be obtained than they were used respectively,but the destructive action of inorganic salt to chicken sperm remained.When 250 mmol/L monosodium glutamate and 450 mmols/L fructose were mixed by the ratio of 1∶2,the optimal function and form of chicken sperm could be gotten.