氮肥水平对限制灌溉下冬小麦旗叶光合性能及产量的影响

为了解氮素营养供应与小麦节水效果的关系,以周麦22为材料,采取大田试验研究了不同氮肥水平对限制灌条件下冬小麦旗叶光合性能及产量的影响。结果发现,与正常灌水相比,限制灌溉降低了小麦旗叶叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率,提高了小麦旗叶胞间CO2浓度;限制灌溉条件下,与不施氮肥相比,增施氮肥能明显改善小麦旗叶光合性能。从产量来看,充分灌水有利于小麦产量提高,而限制灌溉条件下,灌水时期提前或增施氮肥能不同程度提高小麦产量。以上结果说明,增施一定量的氮肥能明显改善限制灌溉条件下冬小麦花后旗叶光合性能,提高小麦产量和水分利用效率。

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Photosynthesis of Flag Leaves and Yield of Irrigation limited Winter Wheat

To establish water saving and high yield cultivation technology of winter wheat,using Zhoumai 22 as experimental material,the effects of nitrogen level on photosynthesis of flag leaves and yield of winter wheat were investigated under irrigation limited field condition. Compared with normal irrigation,limited irrigation reduced the chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of flag leaves,while obviously increased leaf intercellular CO₂ concentration. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer could obviously improve photosynthesis of winter wheat flag leaves under limited irrigation condition. Full irrigation benefited to increase yield of winter wheat,while shifting irrigation to an earlier date and increasing nitrogen fertilizer could improve winter wheat yield to some extent under limited irrigation condition.Above results showed that appropriate nitrogen fertilizer could obviously improve photosynthetic performance,increase yield and water use efficiency of irrigation limited winter wheat.