不同林地微生物的特性研究

目的]为人工林的选择、防护和管理提供依据。方法]从吉安市与鹰潭市的疏草荒地、人工林、天然林地的不同深度采集土样,采用稀释平板涂抹法,测定土壤微生物数量。结果]天然林地0～10cm土层的细菌数低于10～20cm,随着土壤深度的增加,微生物数量、种类减少,且与土壤养分变化显著相关。同一深度下,天然林的微生物菌落和数量比人工林的多。人工林和天然林的微生物数量都与疏草荒地存在显著差异;吉安人工林与天然林的细菌数量不存在显著差异,鹰潭的存在显著差异;人工林与天然林的真菌数量不存在差异;天然林与人工林的放线菌有显著差异。结论]天然林的土壤微生物数量、种类最多,然后是人工林、疏草荒地。天然林土壤肥力高于人工林,更有利于土壤微生物的生长。

Research on the Characteristics of Microorganisms in Different Forest Lands

Objective] The study aimed to provide basis for the selection, defending and management of plantation. Method] The soil samples were collected from different depths of wasteland with thin grass, plantation and natural forestland in Ji'an and Yingtan cities and the microorganism quantity in soil was determined by dilution plate method. Result] The bacteria number in 0~10 cm soil layer was lower than that in 10~20 cm soil layer in natural forestland, the microorganism quantity and species reduced along with the increment of soil depth and related to the change of soil nutrients significantly. Under the same depth, the microorganism colonies and quantity in natural forestland were more than that in plantation. The microorganism quantities in both plantation and natural forestland had significant difference from that in wasteland with thin grass. The bacteria quantities in both plantation and natural forestland had no significant difference in Ji'an, but had significant difference in Yingtan. The fungi quantity had no difference between plantation and natural forestland and actinomyces had significant difference between natural forestland and plantation. Conclusion] The microorganism quantity and species in soil were most in natural forestland and secondary in plantation and wasteland with thin grass. The soil fertility in natural forestland was higher than that in plantation, which was more in favor of the growth of soil microorganism.