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我国人工林生产力问题的研究(Ⅰ)—影响我国人工林生产力的自然因素评价 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
以桉树、杉木、马尾松、落叶松及樟子松等为对象 ,利用样地调查资料 ,结合已有研究成果 ,对造成我国人工林生产力低下的多种自然因素 ,进行了系统地分析研究。结果表明 ,按人工林现实分布格局及立地质量水平 ,全国人工林气候—立地生产潜力 (材积 )平均为 8 6m3 hm2 ·a ;现有人工林由于大面积幼龄林的存在 ,所带来的生产力总体水平下降的幅度为 31%~ 35 %。 相似文献
3.
人工林毛白杨木材解剖构造与染色效果相关性的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
为探讨木材构造和木材染色效果之间的相关性变化规律,本研究测字5株34块人工林毛白杨 的解剖构造及其木材染色效果,对二者的相关性进行了多元回归分析。结果表明,毛白杨木材染色效果与解剖因子之间有一定的相关关系,各染色效果指标与木材解剖因子间的复相关系数在0.4836-0.7998之间,采用比较多元回归分析标准回归系数的方法,确定了影响毛白杨木材染色效果的主要解剖因子为导管比量、木纤维比量和木射线量等因子。 相似文献
4.
Comparative analyses were conducted on the nutrient element content and returning amount of main fractional compositions of
litter in Korean pine (KP), Mongolian Scots pine (MSP) and Dahurian larch (DL) plantations in Laoshan Plantation Experiment
Station of Maoershan Experiment Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University. The results are as follows: (1) The nutrient
element content and returning amount in litter varies among different fractional compositions and tree species, the total
returning amount of all nutrient elements and the returning amount of K, Ca, Mg, N and P are DL > MSP > KP, the returning
amount of Cu is DL > KP > MSP, the returning amount of Fe and Mn are MSP > DL > KP; (2) To KP and DL plantations, the main
nutrient element returned is dead needles; dead branches, bark scales and dead cones account for a little proportion; whereas
to MSP plantation, besides dead needles, dead branches and bark scales also play an important role in the return of nutrient
elements; (3) A little deal of dead leaves can provided a great deal of returning amount of nutrient elements. 相似文献
5.
扬州园林植竹造景史考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据历史文献资料,探讨了扬州园林的植竹造景历史。扬州历代园林竹景建造的特点主要是以竹名园、以竹名景和以竹辅景。 相似文献
6.
四川巨桉短周期工业原料人工林一元材积表的编制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文调查、收集了四川省仁寿、高县、纳溪等县不同立地条件的巨桉短周期工业原料人工林标准地72块,样木112株。采用SAS程序,进行多方程拟合并比较各模型优劣,筛选出巨按材积模型:V=-0.0196154 0.0007494d2,编制了巨按短周期工业原料人工林一元材积表。经检验,平均误差为-0.01%,,标准差为±9.6%,均方误为±1.4%,精度达到要求。 相似文献
7.
8.
Relative contribution of initial root and shoot morphology in predicting field performance of hardwood seedlings 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
Single and multiple linear regression techniques were used to explain the capacity of initial seedling root volume (Rv) and first-order lateral roots (FOLR) relative to shoot height, diameter, and fresh mass to serve as important indicators of stock quality and predictors of first- and second-year height and diameter on an afforestation site in southern Indiana, USA. This was accomplished for northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.), white oak (Quercus alba L.), and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh) seedlings graded into four Rv categories at establishment. Field survival was high (85–97%) for all species. Initial diameter, height, fresh mass, and Rv provided similar predictive ability of second-year field response for absolute height (R2 = 0.59–0.77) and diameter (R2 = 0.50–0.73) for both oak species. Initial seedling Rv was a better predictor of field response than FOLR for both oak species, though not for cherry. Multiple-variable models accounted for a greater proportion of the total variation in seedling field height and diameter than did single-variable equations. The high R2 (up to 0.95) of regression models suggests field performance of these species can be reliably predicted and confirms the importance of initial seedling morphology in dictating early plantation performance. 相似文献
9.
J.-P. Rossi J.-C. Samalens D. Guyon I. van Halder H. Jactel P. Menassieu D. Piou 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009
Bark beetles are notorious pests of natural and planted forests causing extensive damage. These insects depend on dead or weakened trees but can switch to healthy trees during an outbreak as mass-attacks allow the beetle to overwhelm tree defences. Climatic events like windstorms are known to favour bark beetle outbreaks because they create a large number of breeding sites, i.e., weakened trees and for this reason, windthrown timber is generally preventively harvested and removed. In December 1999, the southwest of France was struck by a devastating windstorm that felled more that 27 million m3of timber. This event offered the opportunity to study large-scale spatial pattern of trees attacked by the bark beetle Ips sexdentatus and its relationship with the spatial location of pine logs that were temporally stored in piles along stand edges during the post-storm process of fallen tree removal. The study was undertaken in a pure maritime pine forest of 1300 ha in 2001 and 2002. We developed a landscape approach based on a GIS and a complete inventory of attacked trees. During this study more than 70% of the investigated stands had at least one tree attacked by I. sexdentatus . Spatial aggregation prevailed in stands with n≥15 attacked trees. Patches of attacked trees were identified using a kernel estimation procedure coupled with randomization tests. Attacked trees formed patches of 500–700 m2 on average which displayed a clumped spatial distribution. Log piles stemming from the sanitation removals were mainly distributed along the large access roads and showed an aggregated spatial pattern as well. The spatial relationship between patches of attacked trees and log pile storage areas was analyzed by means of the Ripley’s statistic that revealed a strong association at the scale of the studied forest. Our results indicated that bark beetle attacks were facilitated in the vicinity of areas where pine logs were stored. The spatial extent of this relationship was >1000 m. Similar results were obtained in 2001 and 2002 despite differences in the number and spatial distribution of attacked trees. The presence of a strong “facilitation effect” suggests that log piles should be removed quickly in order to prevent outbreaks of bark beetles. 相似文献
10.
In the Yucatan peninsula of Mexico, Maya natives have been propagating important species for centuries. However, little documentation exists of these methods, and traditional knowledge is fading as younger generations seek work in urban centers. With growing interest in using some of these species for plantation-scale production, this knowledge should be captured to aid in propagation and cultural methods of selected species. One such species, Ramón (Brosimum alicastrum Sw.), is grown in Mayan homegardens primarily as a source of dry season forage. We conducted a survey of Mayan families in several municipalities to determine basic propagation habits and procedures for cultivating Ramón, and used this information to conduct some controlled-environment studies of reproductive ecology of the species. Our survey showed that all or most Maya grow the Ramón tree in homegardens for forage and that the tree is both cultivated from wild seedlings as well as planted on a small scale. Propagation is by seed and young seedlings are irrigated until they are established. We examined the effects of temperature on seed germination and found that maximum germination occurred between 27° and 38 °C, with best germination and growth of healthy seedlings at 33 °C. No germination occurred below 21° or above 44 °C. Simulated Maya irrigation gave a four-fold increase in growth rate of seedlings, aiding early establishment. Watering gave seedlings of greater biomass, greater stem and root length, and greater numbers and size of leaves. This magnitude of response may provide an economic return for plantation culture of Ramón for forage production. 相似文献