石竹茎腐病病原菌鉴定与生物学特性研究

目的]明确石竹茎腐病病原菌,以期更好地防治此病害。方法]使用常规植物病理学和分子生物学方法分离和鉴定病原菌,并研究病原菌生物学特性。结果]石竹茎腐病病原菌为立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)和尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)。立枯丝核菌最适生长温度为28℃,最适pH为7~8,最适生长的碳源为麦芽糖、可溶性淀粉,最适氮源是蛋白胨;尖孢镰刀菌最适生长温度为28℃,最适pH为7~9,尖孢镰刀菌在果糖和蔗糖中生长速度最快,葡萄糖最不利于其生长,最适氮源为蛋白胨。结论]立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)和尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)共同侵染石竹引起石竹茎腐病。这2种病原菌对环境的适应能力较强。

Identification of Pathogens and Researches of Theirs Biological Characteristics on Carnation Stem Rot

Objective] To identify the pathogens and prevent carnation stem rot.Method] The pathogens were identified and their biological characteristics were studied by molecular biology experimental techniques and phytopathological research methods.Result] Carnation stem rot was caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum.For Rhizoctonia solani,the optimum growth temperature and pH were 28℃ and 7-8,respectively.The fastest growth rate of the mycelium was achieved under the optimal nutrition such as carbon source for malt sugar and soluble starch,while nitrogen source for peptone.The optimal temperature for Fusarium oxysporum was 28℃ and the pH was 7-9.The mycelium grew fastest in fnlctose and sucrose and the most unfavorable carbon source was glucose.The optimum nitrogen source for Fusarium oxysporum was peptone.Conclusion] Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum could infect Dianthus chinensis together and they had strong ability to adapt to the environment.