北京市高校校园木本植物种类调查与分析

为全面了解北京高校校园木本植物种类应用情况，通过对北京市10所高校校园木本植物进行实地调查，对校园木本植物种类、区系特征、应用频率、植物受保护程度进行了统计分析。结果表明：10所高校共栽植有木本植物59科、136属、252种（含变种、变型及栽培变种），其中有国家及北京市重点保护植物13种。252种木本植物有128种集中分布于6个科中，而单种科有28科，木本植物的区系组成极不平衡。有60种木本植物在10所高校中出现频率较高，在70％以上（常见种）；约162种出现频率很低，在30％以下。并且有7所高校的木本植物常见种占木本植物总种数比例超过了60％。最后对北京市高校校园木本植物建设提出合理化建议，包括增加灌木、藤本、常绿植物的种类；避免集中过多应用某几科植物，扩大一些目前在校园绿化中为单种科的植物类群；挖掘具有园林应用潜力的树种，在绿化树种选择上体现高校的特色；引种珍稀濒危和重点保护植物，增强校园绿化在植物保护和教学、科研方面的作用。

Species Investigation and Analysis of Woody Plants in Campus of Beijing

In order to understand the application situation of woody plants in campus of Beijing,the woody plants in 10 universities of Beijing were investigated and the species of woody plants,the character of flora composition,the application frequency and the degree of key protected plants were counted and analyzed.The investigation results showed that there were 252 species (including varieties,forms and cultivars) in the universities,which belonged to 59 families and 136 genera.Among them,13 species were national and municipal key protected plants of Beijing.128 species were concentrated in six families,while there were 28 single-species families.The flora composition of woody plants was extremely uneven.60 species of woody plants in 10 universities had high application frequency at 70% or more (these were defined as com-mon species) .About 162 species had low application frequency below 30% .The proportion of common species of woody plants in total species number of woody plants was over 60% in 7 universities.Finally,some reasonable suggestions of woody plants construction in university campus of Beijing were put forward,including increasing variety of shrub,liana and evergreen plants,avoiding excessive application of certain families of plants and expanding the number of single species families of plants,tapping woody plants with application potential and embodying characteristics of universities in selecting tree species,introducing rare and endangered species and key protected plants,enhancing the role of the campus green in plant protection,teaching and scientific research .