幼胚和花药培养诱导荔枝胚性愈伤组织

以福建荔枝主栽品种元红的幼胚为外植体，优化了离体培养诱导胚性愈伤组织（ＥＣ）的培养基．对ＥＣ的诱导，较高质量浓度的蔗糖（５０ｇＬ－１）和２，４－Ｄ（２～４ｍｇＬ－１）优于较低质量浓度的蔗糖（３０ｇＬ－１）和２，４－Ｄ（０．５～１．０ｍｇＬ－１）．ＢＡ和活性炭（ＡＣ）对ＥＣ的诱导有抑制作用．适当的硫代硫酸银（ＳＴＳ）（２９．４μｍｏｌＬ－１）可以抵消ＢＡ的抑制作用．在ＭＳ附加质量浓度为５０ｇＬ－１的蔗糖和２ｍｇＬ－１的２，４－Ｄ培养基上，下番枝、乌叶、元红和陈紫幼胚诱导ＥＣ的频率分别为２２％、１４．５％、１７．２％和１６．８％．在上述培养基中，元红花药产生ＥＣ的频率为０．１％～０．６％，而加入ＳＴＳ（２９．４μｍｏｌＬ－１）可提高至１．２％～５．６％．对影响ＥＣ的诱导因素和它们的相互关系进行了讨论

Induction of litchi embryogenic calli by immature embryos and anthers culture in vitro

Immature embryos of Yuanhong, one of major litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cultivars in Fujian, were used as explants to optimizing media for inducing embryogenic callus (EC). Sucrose at 50 g·L -1 and 2,4 D at 2￣4 mg·L -1 had favorable effect on inducing EC in comparison with sucrose at 30 g·L -1 and 2,4 D at 0. 5￣ 1.0 mg·L -1 . The presence of active carbon at 5 g·L -1 or BA 0.5 mg·L -1 decreased percentage of EC. However, supplementing STS (29.KG-4]4 μmol·L -1 ) could counteract the prohibitory effect of BA. On MS basal medium supplemented with 2,4 D at 2 mg·L -1 and sucrose at 50 g·L -1 , ECs were induced from immature embryos of litchi cultivars Xiaofanzhi, Wuye, Chenzi and Yuanhong with a frequency of 22%, 14.5%, 17.2% and 16.8%, respectively. EC was also induced from anthers of Yuanhong on the medium above with a frequency of 0.1%￣0.6% and the presence of STS in this medium enhenced the frequency to 1.2%￣5.6%. Discussions were made about effect of these factors and their interactions on the induction of EC.