不同施氮方式对甘蔗生理生化性状的影响

【目的】探讨不同氮肥施用方式对甘蔗若干生理生化性状的影响。【方法】以新台糖22号（ROC22）为试验材料，设（T1）不施氮肥，（1、2）氮肥作基肥一次性施用，（T3）氮肥分基肥和分蘖肥施用，（T4）氮肥分基肥、分蘖肥和攻茎肥施用，比较不同施氮方式对甘蔗叶片若干生理生化性状的影响。【结果】氮肥仅作基肥一次性施用的甘蔗叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、硝酸还原酶活性及根系活力在甘蔗苗期均较高，但到了生长中后期均较低；而氮肥按基肥、分蘖肥、攻茎肥3次施用时，在甘蔗生长中期及后期的上述各项生理生化指标均较高。【结论】甘蔗氮肥施用按基肥、分蘖肥、攻茎肥分3次施用对甘蔗生理生化性状有积极的影响，能持久保持较强的生理优势。

Effect of different application methods of nitrogen fertilizer on some physio-biochemical parameters in sugarcane

Objective] The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different application methods of nitrogen （JSN） fertilizer on some physiological and biochemical parameters in sugarcane. Method] The plants of sugarcane variety ROC 22 were cultured in soil-pot culture. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer （5 g/pot） was kept as basic fertilizer treatment except the T1, where no fertilizer has been given to the plants. The other three treatments were： 5 g/pot at stage （T2）, 2.5 g/pot basic fertilizer＋2.5 g/pot tillering fertilizer（T3 ）, 1.5 g/pot basic fertilizer ＋1.5 g/pot tillering fertilizer＋2.0 g/pot elongation fertilizer（T4）. The chlorophyll and soluble protein contents, nitrate reduetase activity and root activity were investigated at different stages. Result] The analyzed parameters differed significantly in plants treated with different treatments. In T2, all the parameters increased significantly at seedling stage, while a decrease in all was ob- served at tillefing and elongation stage. In T4, all the parameters were found to be significantly higher at both, the tillefing and the elongation stages. Conclusion] Applying nitrogen fertilizer in three splits, each at seedling, tillering and elongating stages significantly improved the chlorophyll and soluble protein content, nitrate reductase activity and root activity, and maintained the growth and development of sugarcane plants.