两种香料植物秸秆发酵复配后育苗基质效果评价

【目的】研究薰衣草和薄荷的废弃秸秆作为蔬菜育苗基质的可行性。【方法】对2种香料植物废弃秸秆进行粉碎和发酵，发酵完成后，分别对发酵后2种植物秸秆进行复配，以番茄为试验作物进行育苗试验。【结果】2种秸秆的发酵45℃以上高温均持续36 d以上，含有丰富的易降解有机物；发酵结束的薰衣草和薄荷秸秆的有机质和营养元素含量较高，其中有机质含量分别达到709.8和688.4 g/kg,全氮、全磷、全钾总含量分别达到3.60%和5.33%,速效磷的含量分别提高了15.57%和19.72%,速效钾的含量分别提高了55.10%和123.50%。与珍珠岩、蛭石复配后的2种秸秆基质的理化性状均在适宜的无土栽培基质的范围内，复配后的2种秸秆基质和复配后的草炭基质对番茄的出苗率、生长指标和幼苗质量等无显著差异，复配后的2种秸秆基质，薄荷秸秆基质在番茄育苗效果表现更优。【结论】2种香料植物秸秆作为蔬菜育苗基质的有机原料可以在生产上应用。

Fermention Process of Two Kinds of Spice Plant Waste Stalk and Evaluation on the Effect of Compound Seeling Substrate

【Objective】 To explore the feasibility of lavender and mint stalks with vegetable seedling substrates as the testing materials.【Methods】 The crushing and fermentation experiments were carried out on two kinds of spice plant waste stalks and the two plant stalks after fermentation were compounded separately with tomato as a test crop to carry out a seedling experiment. 【Results】 The fermentation of the two kinds of stalk at a high temperature above 45℃ lasted for more than 36 days, which showed that the two kinds of stalk were rich in easily degradable organic matter. After fermentation, the content of organic matter and nutrients was high, reaching 709.8 and 688.4 g/kg, and the total content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium reached 3.60% and 5.33%. The contents of available phosphorus increased by 15.57% and 19.72%, respectively, the contents of available potassium increased by 55.10% and 123.50% respectively. The physical and chemical properties of the two stalk substrates after being mixed with perlite and vermiculite were within the range of suitable soilless culture substrates. Compared to the peat substrate after the compound, there was no significant difference in the emergence rate, growth indicators and seedling quality of the two kinds of stalk substrates after the compounding. Of the two stalk substrates, the mint stalk substrate performed better in tomato seedling cultivation. 【Conclusion】 The two kinds of spice plant stalks can be used in production as organic raw materials for vegetable seedling substrates.