2001～2013年河南省耕地生态安全评价及障碍因子分析

耕地生态安全评价是改善耕地生态系统状况，促进耕地可持续利用和保障粮食安全的重要基础。基于DPSIR模型，运用层次分析法（ AHP）和熵权法对河南省2001～2013年的耕地生态安全状况进行了评价，并对障碍因子进行分析。结果表明：河南省耕地生态安全等级变化经历了“临界安全—一般安全—临界安全—比较安全”几个阶段。从整体水平来看，耕地生态安全等级明显提升。但从局部来看，耕地生态安全等级一直处于波动变化之中，其中2003～2008年一直处于临界安全等级，2010～2013处于比较安全等级，2002和2009年为耕地生态安全等级变化的两个拐点。对耕地生态安全有显著影响的障碍因子为人均GDP、人均耕地面积、地膜覆盖比、第一产业占GDP比重，权重的百分比分别为12．82％、10．34％、9．89％、6．99％，对耕地生态安全影响较大。为促进河南省耕地生态安全等级进一步提升，需要加强农田的保护、减少耕地占用，提高农民耕地生态意识、控制耕地生态系统污染，集约节约用地、促进耕地合理流转。

DPSIR-based Evaluation o n Ecological Security of Cultivated Land in Henan Province

The evaluation on ecological security of cultivated land is to improve the condition of ecosystem , and it is an essential basis for promo-ting the sustainable use of cultivated land and guaranteeing food security .Based on the DPSIR model, ecological security of cultivated land from 2001 to 2013 was evaluated by combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process ( AHP) amd Entropy method.The evaluation results indicate that the variation in ecological security grade levels of cultivated land has experienced several stages in Henan Province, from“Critical Security”,“Gen-eral Security”,“Critical Security” to “Security”.Judging from the overall level, the security level had improved significantly.However, from the local perspective, the ecological security of cultivated land has suffered slight fluctuation, and it has been in safety critical stage from 2003 to 2008, from 2010 to 2013 in a relatively safe stage, the years of 2002 and 2009 were two inflection points where the level of the ecological security of cultivated land in Henan Province changed obviously.There were several obstacle factors which exert significant influence on the ecological se-curity of cultivated land in Henan Province, including the per capita GDP of impediments, the per capita arable land,mulching ratio of the first industries in GDP, and the percentage weights were 12.82%, 10.34%, 9.89%, and 6.99%, so they had a greater impact on ecological securi -ty of cultivated land.Therefore, in order to promote the ecological security level of cultivated land in Henan Province , it is necessary to strength-en farmland protection, reduce cultivated land occupation, strengthen their ecological awareness of cultivated land, control the pollution of culti-vated land ecosystem, save land use and promote reasonable circulation of cultivated land.