中华绒螯蟹幼蟹在蜕壳周期内鳃和外壳的钙含量及组织结构变化

测定蜕壳周期内中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）幼蟹的鳃和外壳中的钙含量，并结合石蜡切片及电子显微镜技术，观察不同蜕壳时期鳃和外壳的组织结构。钙含量测定结果表明，鳃和外壳中的钙含量均在蜕壳期最低。显微观察结果显示，在蜕壳期，鳃叶末端的内外角质层分离，边缘管的空腔还未完全恢复，到蜕壳后期，边缘管空腔恢复正常形态；超微观察结果显示，在蜕壳期，鳃腔中的内容物较少，染色较浅，线粒体和微绒毛数量较多。蜕壳后期的鳃腔中的内容物增加，染色加深，线粒体和微绒毛数量多；外壳在蜕壳期时最薄，且只有上表皮和外表皮两层结构，到蜕壳后期，内表皮才逐渐形成。综上所述，中华绒螯蟹的钙含量和组织结构与蜕壳过程密切相关。

Changes of calcium content and tissue structure in gill and carapaces of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis during the molting cycle

The content of calcium in the gill and carapace of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis during the molting cycle was determined, and the histological structure of gill and carapace in different molting stages was observed by paraffin section and electron microscope. The results showed that the content of calcium in gill and carapace was the lowest in the ecdysis stage. The results of microscopic observation showed that the inner and outer cuticles at the end of gill lobes were separated, and the lumen of marginal vessel was not completely recovered. The cavity of marginal vessel returns to normal in the postmolt stage. The results of ultrastructural observation showed that in the ecdysis stage, the content in the cavity of gills was less, the staining was shallower, and the number of mitochondria and microvilli was large. In the postmolt stage, the contents in the cavity of gills increased, the staining deepened, and the number of mitochondria and microvilli was larger. The carapace was the thinnest in the ecdysis stage, and only had two layers of structure, the epicuticle and the exocuticle. The endocuticle did not form until the postmolt stage. In conclusion, the calcium content and tissue structure of Eriocheir sinensis are closely related to the molting stages.