麦鲮和赤眼鳟作为鳜鱼养殖配套饵料鱼适宜性的评价

从生物学的角度比较和评价麦鲮和赤眼鳟作为鳜鱼养殖配套饵料鱼的适宜性,探讨以赤眼鳟代替麦鲮养殖鳜鱼的可行性。结果表明,麦鲮和赤眼鳟食性相近,同属于低龄成熟的多次产卵类型鱼类,对盐度的适应性强,比鳜鱼具有更强的耐低氧能力;一年能进行三次人工繁殖,繁殖力强,易补充亲鱼,繁殖方式和设施与四大家鱼、鳜鱼相似,人工繁殖的效率极高。采用一次放足、分批捕捞的高密度养殖方式,群体产量高,养殖成本低。因此,两种鱼都具有优秀的饵料鱼属性。但在长江流域,赤眼鳟能弥补麦鲮不能自然越冬的缺陷,繁殖期和生长期更长,养殖产量更高,以赤眼鳟代替麦鲮养殖鳜鱼是可行的。这为鳜鱼的养殖,特别是反季节养殖开辟了新的饵料鱼途径,为改进鳜鱼的养殖方式提供了参考依据。

Evaluation of suitability of Squaliobarbus curriculus and Cirrhinus mrigala as food fish for Mandarin fish farming

The comparisons have been made between Squaliobarbus curriculus?and Cirhirnus mrigala to clarify the suitability as food fish for mandarin fish based on the biological characteristics and the feasibility studies were conducted on Squaliobarbus curriculus?as replacement for Cirhirnus mrigala for mandarin fish farming. The results showed that Cirhirnus mrigala and Squaliobarbus curriculus had similar feeding habit, both belong to low-age mature and poly-spawning type fish, wider adaptability to salinity, and stronger resistance against low oxygen than mandarin fish. Squaliobarbus curriculus has three times spawning a year with large fecundity, easy sources of broodstocks. The methods and facilities for fish breeding are similar as conventional carps and mandarin fish, the success of the induced breeding is easily achieved. Good production can be easily obtained by one-time sufficient stocking and multi-times catches, this is also the low cost. Therefore, these two types of fish are both available with good characters as fish food. But in the Yangtze river basin, Squaliobarbus curriculus?can well survive in the winter, while Cirhirnus mrigala can not. Moreover, Squaliobarbus curriculus has longer breeding and growing periods and higher production. Therefore it is appropriate to use Squaliobarbus curriculus for Mandarin fish food instead of Cirhirnus mrigala. This provides good opportunity for mandarin fish culture, especially in the off-season production. It is also a basic reference to improve the farming systems for mandarin fish.