天津市蓟州区食用菌主产区的气象条件和对策研究

天津市蓟州区为当地香菇及白灵菇的主产区，菇农的种植大棚的收益在一定程度上依赖于气象条件，合理利用气象指标集可以指导食用菌生产。根据气象条件分析了食用菌生产各个环节的对应时间点，并总结了2017年及2018年的恶劣气候对菇农的影响。进一步提出了在当地可能出现的气象灾害情况下进行食用菌栽培的相应对策。采取“科研院所+气象部门+预警信息发布中心”三部门联动，开展天津市蓟州区食用菌主产区长期气象灾害的预警和防御工作，可为菇农提供合理的生产提示。

Meteorological Conditions of Main Edible Fungi Producing Areas in Jizhou District of Tianjin and Countermeasures

Jizhou District of Tianjin is the main local production area of Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus nebrodensis. The income of mushroom growers’ planting greenhouses depends on meteorological conditions to some extent, and using the meteorological indexes reasonably could guide the production of edible fungi. We analyzed the corresponding time for each stage of edible fungi production according to the meteorological conditions, and summarized the impact of harsh weather on mushroom growers in 2017 and 2018. Then, we put forward countermeasures for the cultivation of edible fungi under possible local meteorological disasters. The early warning and prevention of long-term meteorological disasters carried out by coordinated operation of scientific research institutes, meteorological department and early warning information release center might provide production tips for mushroom growers in the main mushroom producing areas in Jizhou District of Tianjin.