肥料运筹对小麦群体质量的调节效应

分析肥料运筹对小麦群体质量的影响表明，小麦一生氮肥适宜运筹比例为基蘖肥占一生总施肥量的６０％左右，拔节孕穗肥占４０％左右，磷、钾肥宜作基肥和返青拔节肥二次施用。前期施氮肥过多易使群体发育不协调，分蘖成穗率降低，粒叶比小，产量低；后期适量施氮并配合磷、钾肥施用，能有效地增加孕穗后光合物质生产，粒叶比大，产量高。

EFFECT OF FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON POPULATION QUALITY IN WHEAT

The effects of fertilizer application on population quality in wheat were studied during 1992-1995. The main results were as follows: The suitable ratio of N fertilizer applied at pre sowing and tillering stages to that at elongating or booting stage was 6 to 4. P fertilizer and K fertilizer should be applied before sowing or during turning green to elongating stage. The excessive application of N fertilizer at early stages could reduce grain leaf ratio and grain yields. The application of N, P and K fertilizer after elongating stage could increase the production of photosynthate after anthesis, which resulted in the rising of grain leaf ratio and grain yield.