不同小麦品种植株光合器官受损对单穗籽粒产量的影响及其补偿效应

为了比较不同小麦品种植株绿色器官的光合功能受损对穗粒重的影响及其补偿效应,用剪叶、包穗、包穗下节的方法对8个冬小麦品种在8种处理下的单穗籽粒产量进行了研究。结果表明,小麦扬花后,各部分绿色器官的光合功能受损对单穗籽粒产量的影响在品种间存在一定差异。包穗使各品种穗粒重损失22.33%～53.11%,多数品种间差异显著;包穗下节及同时剪上三叶片,各品种穗粒重损失4.44%～25.87%和10.08%～30.59%,品种间也有一定的差异;剪旗叶各品种穗粒重损失5.23%～14.42%,品种间差异多不显著;各处理对粒重和穗粒数均有影响。在此条件下,不同品种其植株各部分光合器官对穗粒重的影响各有特点,并且植株个体对穗粒重、粒重的损失能产生一定的补偿效应。不同品种产生补偿效应的能力有一定差异,同一品种在不同处理条件下的补偿效应也不相同。参试各品种中,小偃6号在所有处理条件下的穗粒重损失率都较小,补偿效应明显。

Effect of Damage of the Photosynthesis Organs in Different Wheat Cultivars on Grain Yield Per Spike and Their Compensative Effect

In order to compare the effect and compensating effect of the photosynthesis of main green organs in different cultivars on grain yield per spike when they were damaged, 8 winter wheat cultivars were tested through eight treatments with cutting off leaf, darkening ear and darkening ear knot. The results showed that after the stage of blossom, there were certain differences in the effect of damage of main photosynthesis organs on grain yield per spike among cultivars. The loss of grain weight per spike, after darkening ear, was 22.33% ~ 53.11%, and there were significant differences among most cultivars; The loss of grain weight per spike, after darkening ear knot and cutting off the top three blades of each cultivar, were 4.44% ~ 25.87% and (10.08%) ~ (30.59%), respectively, and there were certain (differences) among (different) cultivars; The loss of grain weight per spike, after cutting off flag-blade of each cultivars, was 5.23% ~ 10.77%, and there were no significant (differences) among most cultivars; Each treatment had an effect on weight per kernel and grain number per spike. Under this condition, the (different) parts of the photosynthesis organs in plant of (different) cultivars had their own (characteristics). The compensative effect was induced to alleviate the loss of the grain weight per spike and weight per kernel in plant, and was (different) among cultivars and (treatments). The loss rate of grain weight per spike of Xiaoyan 6 was less than other cultivars in each (treatment), this cutivar had a obvious compensative (effect).