广西蔗区白蚁发生为害及优势种群调查

【目的】了解广西蔗区白蚁的发生为害程度,明确各蔗区白蚁种类和优势种群,为白蚁综合防治提供科学依据。【方法】在广西崇左市和北海市选择有代表性的蔗地进行白蚁为害程度调查;在广西崇左、南宁、北海、来宾和柳州市选择18个有代表性蔗地,对每个样地采用五点取样法调查白蚁种类并计算其百分比。【结果】广西甘蔗主产区均受白蚁为害,其中以崇左市和北海市蔗区受白蚁为害最严重。调查发现危害甘蔗的白蚁有9种,属于2科8属,优势种群为黑翅土白蚁(52.89%)、小头钩白蚁(19.11%)、黄翅大白蚁(11.11%)和黄胸散白蚁(6.67%)。不同蔗区危害甘蔗的白蚁种类和优势种群不同,崇左市甘蔗白蚁种类有6种,优势种为小头钩白蚁、黑翅土白蚁和土垅大白蚁;北海市甘蔗白蚁种类有6种,优势种为黑翅土白蚁和黄翅大白蚁;南宁市甘蔗白蚁种类有5种,优势种为黑翅土白蚁、黄胸散白蚁和黄翅大白蚁;柳州市甘蔗白蚁种类有3种,优势种为黑翅土白蚁和黄翅大白蚁;来宾市甘蔗白蚁种类有2种,优势种为黑翅土白蚁。【结论】广西蔗区白蚁发生较普遍,已成为蔗区重要害虫;各蔗区白蚁种类和优势种群存在明显差异,应针对各蔗区白蚁优势种群开展白蚁综合防治技术研究,实行分区治理。

Sugarcane damages caused by termite and dominant termite populations in Guangxi

Objective]In the present study, the occurrence, species and dominant population of termite in sugarcane planting areas were researched so as to provide theoretical basis for integrated control of termite. Method]Representative sample plots in major sugarcane planting areas such as Chongzuo, Beihai, Nanning, Liuzhou, and Laibin of Guangxi were selected to investigate the damage degree of termite against sugarcane. Eighteen sugarcane fields in the five cities were inves-tigated using five-point sampling method, and termite species and their proportions were studied. Result]Termite caused damage in all sugarcane major planting areas in Guangxi, and caused the most serious damage in Chongzuo and Beihai. The results showed that nine species of termites cause serious damage to sugarcane in Guangxi, belonging to two families and eight genus. The dominant populations were Odontotermes formosanus(52.89%), Ancistrotermes dimorphus(19.11%), Macrotermes barneyi (11.11%) and Reticulitermes speratus(6.67%).The termite species and dominant populations varied in different sugarcane areas. There were six species of termite in Chongzuo, and dominant populations were O. formosanus, A. dimorphus and M. annandalei. There were six species of termite in Beihai, and dominant populations were O. for-mosanus and M. annandalei; five species of termite in Nanning, and the dominant ones were O. formosanus,M. annandalei and R. speratus; three species of termite in Liuzhou, and the dominant populations were O. formosanus and M. annan-dalei; two species in Laibin, and the dominant population was O. formosanus. Conclusion]The occurrance of termite in Guangxi sugarcane planting areas is common and termite become one of the important pests sugarcane planting areas. The termite species and dominant polpulations in each sugarcane planting areas are different. Therefore, comprehensive control technique should be conducted targeting dominant termite species in different sugarcane planting areas, and control measures should be carried out seperately in each sugarcane planting area.