农村低碳发展的模式探讨：以北京市红螺沟为例

为了探讨中国农村沟域地区低碳发展的模式，运用定性定量相结合的方法，对北京郊区红螺沟的低碳发展进行实地调研和分析研究。结果表明，红螺沟地区资源丰富多样，产业正在向低碳产业转型。在此基础上，笔者提出发展山区半山区的低碳发展模式。在发展低碳产业方面，启动初期，政府补贴和政府引导市场建设均起到关键作用。在倡导低碳生活模式方面，政府示范作用至关重要。农村低碳发展模式的建立应该逐步实施，一般包括3个阶段：发展绿色产业，淘汰耗能污染产业，实行产业升级。在这个过程中，低碳生活模式在第2个阶段逐步建立起来。以政府为主导，加强宏观政策引导，培育低碳产业，倡导低碳生活模式为主要实现路径的低碳发展方式是农村响应全球变暖的具体行动，为全球气候变化背景下的中国广大农村地区可持续发展提供了新的发展方向，具有实践意义。

The Discussion of Rural Low-carbon Development Mode: A Case of Hongluogou in Beijing

In order to discuss the development pattern of low-carbon in the rural area of China, the author used qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze the situation of Hongluogou, a village in the outskirts of Beijing. The results indicated that the Hongluogou had abundant resources, and industry transform to low-carbon development. Based on it, the author proposed a low-carbon development model for mountainous and semi-mountain areas. It was found that in the initial stages of starting a low-carbon economy, government subsidies and government-led market development were essential. And in the development of low-carbon lifestyle, the government should play an exemplary role. The establishment of rural low-carbon development model should be gradually implemented, generally consists of three phases: (1) developing green industries stage; (2) eliminating the high energy consumption and pollution industry; (3) implementing industrial upgrading. The low-carbon lifestyle was gradually built up in the second stage. Taking government as leadership, strengthening the guidance of the macroscopic policy, nurturing low-carbon industry, and advocating low-carbon life style was the main path to achieve the target of low-carbon development in the rural areas. This would be the concrete action to respond global warming, which provided a new direction for the sustainable development of rural areas in China under the background of the world climate change.