饲料中绿原酸对泥鳅生长性能、消化酶活性、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响

（目的）本试验以泥鳅为研究对象，探究饲料中添加不同浓度绿原酸（Chlorogenic acid）对泥鳅生长性能、消化酶活性、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的影响。（方法）试验选用无病无伤初始体重为（3.50±0.01 g/尾）的泥鳅，随机分为5组，在基础饲料投喂中分别添加0、200、400、600和800 mg/kg的绿原酸试验饲料，每组3个重复，饲养56 d 。饲养试验结束后，测定泥鳅生长性能、消化酶活性、生化指标、免疫功能及抗氧化能力。（结果）试验表明，与对照组相比较饲料中加入绿原酸可以显著增高泥鳅的终末体质量（FBW）、增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR） （P <0.05）；且显著提高肝脏和肠道中蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶的活性（P <0.05）以及肝脏与肠道中总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性，丙二醛（MDA）的生成被降低。肝脏中谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性随绿原酸浓度增加而提高，分别在400 mg/kg和600 mg/kg时达到最大值。随着绿原酸浓度的升高，血清中AST、ALT活性均显著下降（P <0.05）。随着绿原酸浓度的增加，血清中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）逐渐下降，在浓度400 mg/kg时达到最低值；血清补体3（C3）和补体4（C4）含量先升高后下降，分别在绿原酸浓度为400 mg/kg和600 mg/kg时达到峰值含量；血清中免疫球蛋白M（IgM）水平显著升高（P <0.05），在浓度为600 mg/kg时达到最大；血清中溶菌酶（LYS）含量先上升后下降，在浓度为400 mg/kg时含量为最大值。（结论）结果表明，在饲料当中添加400～600 mg/kg绿原酸可显著提高泥鳅生长性能和消化酶活性（P <0.05），增强泥鳅的免疫功能和抗氧化能力。

Effects of chlorogenic acid in feed on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immune function, and antioxidant capacity of loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)

(Objective) Taking loach as the research object, the effects of different concentrations of Chlorogenic acid added to the feed on the growth performance, dgestive enzyme activity, immune function and antioxidant capacity of loach were studied. (Method) Disease free and injury free loach, weighing 3.50 ± 0.01g/tail, was randomly divided into 5 groups. The basic feed was supplemented with 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg Chlorogenic acid test feed, and each group was repeated for 56 days. After feeding test, the growth performance, Digestive enzyme activity, biochemical indicators, immune function and antioxidant capacity of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were determined. (Results) Compared with the control group, the final weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were significantly increased by adding Chlorogenic acid to the diet (P <0.05); The activities of protease, lipase and Amylase in liver and intestine increased significantly (P <0.05), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) increased significantly, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) production decreased. The activities of Aspartic acid Transaminase (AST) and alanine Transaminase (ALT) in liver increased with the increase of Chlorogenic acid concentration, reaching the maximum at 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg respectively. With the increase of acid concentration, serum AST and ALT activities decreased significantly (P <0.05), and serum Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) gradually decreased with the increase of Chlorogenic acid concentration, reaching the lowest value at 400mg/kg concentration; The content of complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4) in serum increased first and then decreased, reaching the peak when the concentration of Chlorogenic acid was 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg, respectively; The level of immunoglobulin M (IgM) in serum significantly increased (P <0.05), reaching its maximum at a concentration of 600 mg/kg; Serum Lysozyme (LYS) content first increased and then decreased, reaching the maximum when the concentration was 400mg/kg. (Conclusion) Adding 400,600mg/kg Chlorogenic acid to the diet can improve the antioxidant capacity of loach, significantly improve the growth performance and Digestive enzyme activity of loach (P <0.05), enhance the immune function of loach and the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and further protect the liver tissue of loach.