生态园林及其构建方法研究

城市化进程的加快和环境污染的日趋严重给城市绿化提出了严峻的课题。如何将传统的风景园林理论与科学的生态观综合起来,保护自然环境与生物多样性,建设新型的生态园林,是此项研究的主要目的。通过调查分析及归纳总结的方法,阐述了生态园林的发展过程和功能特性,明确了其在现代城市园林绿化中的重要作用。构建生态园林的指导原则包括:生态平衡原则;生态位原则;乡土化原则;互惠共生原理;以及人与自然和谐的原则。其规划方法的依据是:斑块及边缘生态效应理论;廊道与斑块关系理论;生物多样性理论;以及综合评价的数学模型。

Research on Ecological Landscape and Its Construction

Accelerated urbanization and serious environmental pollution bring urban afforestation an urgent task. The intention of this research is to combine traditional theory of Landscape Architecture and scientific view of Ecology, so that natural environment and bio-diversity could be protected by the construction of Ecological Landscape. Through methods of investigation, analysis, epagoge and summarization, the developing process and the functional traits are introduced to make clear the important functions of Ecological Landscape in urban afforestation. The instructional principles of Ecological Landscape construction are composed of ecological balance, ecological niche, localization, reciprocity and symbiosis, as well as harmony between human beings and nature. The basis of Ecological Landscape programming consist of theories of patch and marginal effect, corridor and patch, bio-diversity together with mathematical model of integrative evaluation.