我院近5年表皮葡萄球菌医院感染的调查及菌株耐药性分析

目的了解我院表皮葡萄球菌致医院感染状况及耐药性,以便采取更有效的控制措施。方法对2003年1月至2008年1月间我院365例医院感染患者的各个感染部位进行表皮葡萄球菌的分离和耐药性检测。结果表皮葡萄球菌检出率逐年增加,菌株分布以呼吸道最多见,其次为伤口和血液;321株分离的表皮葡萄球菌中,耐甲氧西林菌株(MRSE)逐年递增;MRSE对头孢霉素类、红霉素、庆大霉素及环丙沙星等常用抗生素的耐药率呈逐年上升趋势,但对阿米卡星耐药率仍<20%,对利福平和左氧氟沙星耐药率<50%;甲氧西林敏感表皮葡萄球菌(MSSE)对大多数药物依然保持较低的耐药率;未发现对万古霉素的耐药株。结论表皮葡萄球菌的分布广泛,耐药情况严重,MRSE菌株逐年增多,应引起临床高度重视,抗生素的使用应根据药敏试验结果,参考本地区耐药趋势作出合理选择。

Nosocomial infection and drug resistance of Staphylococcus epidermidis during 5 years

Objective To investigate the nosocomial infection and drug resistance of Staphylococcus epidermidis(Se) in our hospital.Methods Se was isolated from 305 patients with nosocomial infection in our hospital from Jan 2003 to Jan 2008,and antibiotic susceptibility test was also made.Results A total of 321 strains of Se were isolated from respiratory tract,wound and blood in 305 cases.Its isolation rate increased gradually,especially for meticillin-resistant Se(MRSE).MRSE strains showed high resistance to cephalosporin,erythromycin,gentamycin and ciprofloxacin,and low resistance to amikacin(<20%),and rifampin and levofloxacin(<50%).Meticillin-sensitive Se(MSSE) strains still kept low resistance to most antibiotics.All strains were sensitive to vancomycin.Conclusion There is a widespread distribution of Se.Clinicians should pay more attention to the gradual increase of MRSE strains.It is important to choose the antibiotics according to antibiotic susceptibility test and drug resistance tendency in local area.