4种金色叶树木叶绿素荧光动力学参数对SO2胁迫的响应

采用人工模拟熏气的方法对金叶女贞、金叶莸、金叶风箱果和金叶红瑞木4种金色叶树种的2年生苗木进行不同浓度的 SO₂胁迫处理, 研究了参试树种叶片的叶绿素荧光参数和叶绿素含量变化特性,并采用模糊数学隶属函数法对其抗SO₂能力进行了综合评价。结果表明,随着熏气浓度的增加, 4种金色叶植物叶片的荧光参数 F_v/F_m、F_v/F_{0、ΦPSII、qP 均逐渐降低, F0和qN则逐渐上升。4树种荧光参数的变化幅度不同,其中,金叶红瑞木变化幅度最大,金叶女贞的变化幅度最小, 金叶莸和金叶风箱果介于两者之间。以叶绿素荧光参数评价4树种抗污染胁迫能力, 其中金叶女贞最强, 金叶莸和金叶风箱果次之,金叶红瑞木最弱。说明植物对SO2的吸收能力与其对该气体的抗性不完全一致。建议金叶女贞在尾气污染严重区栽培,而其它3种观赏植物应种植在轻污染区。}

Responses of the Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parammeters to SO2 Stress in Four Golden-leaf Trees

An artificial simulation method was employed to treat on the two-year-old saplings of four golden-leaf tress species, i.e. Ligustrum vicaryi, Caryopteris clandonensis, Physocarpus opulifolius var. lutein and Cornus alba, with sulfur dioxide with different concentrations and to analyze the changes of the chlorophyll fluorescence parammeters, such as minimal fluorescence (F0), maximal photochemical efficiency of PS (F_v/F_m ), potential activity of PSⅡ(F_v/F0), actual photochemistry efficiency(Φ_PSⅡ), photochemical fluorescence quenching coefficient(qP)and non photochemical quenching coefficient(qN )in four plant species. A subordination function was used to comprehensively evaluate resistance of the plants to sulfur. The results showed that F_v/ F_m, F_v/ F0,Φ_PSⅡ, qP in the leaves of four plant species decreased, while the qN and F0 increased with the increase of SO₂ concentration. Great variations were observed in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters among the four species. P. opulifolius var. lutein showed the greatest responses, followed by Caryopteris clandonensis and Cornus alba L.vicaryi showed the lowest responses. Thus, the potentials of tolerance in the four species to SO₂ were in this order: L. vicaryi>Caryopteris clandonensis>P. opulifolius var. lutein >Cornus alba. However, the SO₂ assimilation ability in the four plant species was in this order:Cornus alba > P. opulifolius var. lutein > L. vicaryi >Cornus clandonensi,suggesting that the SO₂ assimilation ability may not represent tolerance to sulfur of in these four plant species. It is recommended that L. vicaryi be planted in the areas with sever air pollution, while the remaining three species should be grown in the light polluted areas.