新引进甘蔗品种桂哥1号和桂斐1号的田间表现

目的]观察新引进甘蔗品种桂斐1号和桂哥1号的田间表现,对其在广西本土条件下的应用前景作出初步评价.方法]采用拉丁方设计,以新台糖22号(ROC22)为对照,于2015和2016年分别进行桂哥1号和桂斐1号新植蔗和宿根蔗田间试验,观测两个新引进甘蔗品种在常规栽培管理条件下的农艺性状、产量和品质性状.结果]与对照品种ROC22相比,两个引进品种的出苗(发株)率、叶绿素相对含量和光合速率较低,枯心率和分蘖率较高,抗黑穗病能力较强.桂哥1号的株高和生长速率与ROC22差异不明显,而桂斐1号的株高和生长速率较ROC22明显较低.从产量及其构成因素来看,新植蔗中桂哥1号的有效茎数与ROC22无显著差异(P>0.05,下同),而桂斐1号显著低于ROC22(P<0.05,下同);宿根蔗中桂哥1号的有效茎数显著高于ROC22和桂斐1号,桂斐1号与ROC22无显著差异.新植蔗产量表现为ROC22>桂哥1号>桂斐1号,宿根蔗产量表现为桂哥1号>桂斐1号>ROC22.从甘蔗品质性状来看,桂哥1号高产高糖,蔗汁重力纯度高;桂斐1号高产高糖,纤维分低,出汁率高,中晚熟.两个引进品种的综合性状均优于对照品种ROC22.结论]新引进甘蔗品种桂哥1号和桂斐1号表现中大茎,脱叶性好,抗病性和宿根性强,高产高糖,综合性状优于对照品种ROC22,可在不同蔗区进一步开展试验评价.

Field performance of newly introduced sugarcane varieties GG1 and GF1

Objective]This experiment was conducted to observe the field performance of two newly introduced sugarcane varieties GG1 and GF1 to provide preliminary assessment for them under the local conditions in Guangxi.Method]Latin square design was used for the experiment which was carried out in 2015 and 2016 for new planting and ratoon seedlings of the two introduced sugarcane varieties(GG1 and GF1)with the sugarcane variety ROC22 as control under conventional farming conditions,and the performances of agronomic traits,yield and quality of the two varieties were observed.Result]The two newly introduced sugarcane varieties showed lower emergence rate,relative chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate,higher withered heart rate and tillering rate,and stronger smut resistance as compared with the control variety ROC22. The differences in plant height and growth rate were not obvious between GG1 and ROC22,plant height and growth rate of GF1were obviously lower than ROC22.For yield and its factors,GG1 showed no significant difference in productive stalk number compared with ROC22(P>0.05,the same below)while productive stalk number in GF1 was significantly lower than ROC22(P<0.05,the same below)in terms of newplanting sugarcane.For ra-toon sugarcane,productive stalk number in GG1 were significantly higher than ROC22,but there was no significant be-tween GF1 and ROC22.The yields of new-planting sugarcane showed ROC22>GG1>GF1,and the yields of ratoon sugar-cane were GG1>GF1> ROC22. For suagrcane quality components,GG1 showed high yield,high sucrose content and high gravity purity;GF1 showed high yield,high sucrose content,low fiber content in cane and high juice yield from cane, medium to late ripening.The two introduced varieties showed better comprehensive traits than the control variety ROC22.Conclusion]Both newly introduced sugarcane varieties GG1 and GF1 present medium to thick productive stalks,good detachment,strong disease resistance and ratoon ability,high yield and high sucrose content.Their comprehensive traits are better than the control variety ROC22,and they are recommended for further trail in different sugarcane growing areas.