雏鸡免疫柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株和毒株的细胞免疫反应

AA肉鸡雏鸡分别经口免疫柔嫩艾美耳球虫毒株早熟株，用免疫组化ABC法染色检测小肠、盲肠扁桃体、脾脏中CD4^ 、CD8^ T淋巴细胞动态变化；用淋巴细胞转化实验MTT法检测T淋巴细胞活性。结果表明：球虫免疫鸡后，CD4^ T淋巴细胞在一次免疫后迅速增殖，第6天达到第一峰，免疫柔嫩艾美耳球虫毒株的鸡盲肠与脾脏中CD4^ T淋巴细胞占所有淋巴细胞百分率分别达到38％和44％，免疫早熟株的鸡盲肠与脾脏中CD4^ T淋巴细胞占所有淋巴细胞百分率分别达到36％和43％，而二次免疫后和对照相比很少有显著差异。CD8^ T淋巴细胞在一次免疫后比CD4^ T增殖速度慢，第9天达到第一峰。免疫柔嫩艾美耳球虫毒株的鸡在此日盲肠与脾脏中CD8^ T淋巴细胞占所有淋巴细胞百分率分别达到37％和47％，免疫早熟株的鸡在此日盲肠与脾脏中CD8^ T淋巴细胞占所有淋巴细胞百分率分别达到36％和48％，二次免疫后迅速大量增殖，免疫柔嫩艾美耳球虫毒株的鸡在二免后第2天盲肠与脾脏中CD8^ T淋巴细胞占所有淋巴细胞百分率分别达到39％和50％．免疫柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟株的鸡在二免后第2天盲肠与脾脏中CD8^ T淋巴细胞占所有淋巴细胞百分率分别达到37％和50％。且CD8^ T淋巴细胞总体水平比CD4^ T淋巴细胞多。盲肠扁桃体中T细胞的增殖速度比其他组织更快。免疫早熟株的鸡与免疫毒株的鸡肠道黏膜中的CD4^ 、CD8^ T淋巴细胞变化基本一致。一次免疫鸡比未免疫对照T淋巴细胞活性显著升高；进行二免的鸡免疫后第一、二、三周T淋巴细胞活性均比未进行二免的鸡显著升高；毒株免疫鸡T淋巴细胞活性大多与早熟株免疫鸡无8显著差异。

Immune responses in chickens against E imeria tenella

AA chickens were orally immunized with Eimeria tenella wild oocysts and its precocious oocysts twice. The oral infection and subsequent challenge with Eimeria oocysts effect on the populations of CD4 +?CD8 +T lymphocytes in the intestine, cecal tonsils and spleen of chickens, which was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Lymphocyte proliferation assay was used for the assessment of cellular responses. The results showed that after primary infection CD4 + cells increaseed immediately and significantly and reached peaked on 6th day, and the area positive of CD4 + cells of intestine and spleen was 38 % and 44 % in chickens immunized with wild oocysts, and was 36 % and 43 % in chickens immunized with precocious oocysts. Whereas nonspecific increase post challenge was found. The rapid and considerable increase of CD8+ cells occurred post challenge, on day 2nd post challenge, the area positive of CD8 + cells in intestine and spleen was 37 % and 50 % in chicken immunized with live oocysts, and was 39 % and 50 % in chickens immunized with precocious oocysts. No notable differences were observed between the immune responses against wild and precocious oocysts. The lymphocyte responses of immune chickens noticeably increased post infection than the control chicken. The response level of chickens post challenge was remarkabley higher than the level without challenge. There was not significant difference between response level of chickens immuneized with wild oocysts and chicken immune with precocious oocysts.