Serum vitamin D,calcium, and phosphorus concentrations in ponies,horses and foals from the United States and Thailand |
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| Authors: | Megan E Pozza Thattawan Kaewsakhorn Chumnan Trinarong Nongnuch Inpanbutr Ramiro E Toribio |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon Tharp Street, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, 601 Vernon Tharp St., Columbus, OH 43210, USA;2. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA;3. Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, 2150 Georgetown Rd, Lexington, KY 40511, USA;4. Hagyard Equine Medical Institute, 4250 Iron Works Pike, Lexington, KY 40511, USA;1. Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.;2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.;3. Quality Control Department, Research & Production Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran.;4. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.;5. Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Postal Code: 1419963111;1. School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Australia;2. The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Australia;1. Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain;2. Private Clinician, Diplomate Dermatology, Adervet Clinic, Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Physiology Unit, Messina University, Messina, Italy;1. Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom;2. School of Veterinary Science, Institute of Teaching and Learning, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom;3. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom;4. Department of Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Vitamin D is essential in calcium and phosphorus regulation, bone physiology, cell proliferation and epithelial integrity. Literature on vitamin D in growing horses is sparse, and the effect of age on vitamin D has not been evaluated in equids in the United States or in tropical countries. The goal of this study was to determine if there was an effect of age on serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations in equids in the US (Ohio/Kentucky) and Thailand (Chiang Rai and Kanchanaburi) during the same time of the year. Blood samples were collected from healthy ponies (n = 21) and Thoroughbred foals (n = 13), yearlings (n = 10), and horses (n = 20) in Thailand and from Thoroughbred foals (n = 10) and horses (n = 17) in the US. Serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3, calcium and phosphorus were measured.In both countries, serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were lower in foals than in yearlings and adult horses. Serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were higher in horses than in ponies in Thailand, but were not different between horses from either country. Calcium concentrations were not different between groups or location. In both countries, phosphorus concentrations were higher in foals than in older groups; however, were not different between ponies and horses. This study shows that independent of geography there are age-related differences in 25(OH)D3 concentrations in horses and further confirms that 25(OH)D3 concentrations are lower in horses compared to other species. The information will serve as the basis for future clinical studies and to help understand better the pathophysiology of equine disorders associated with calcium and phosphorus dysregulation. |
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| Keywords: | Calcium Foal Horse Phosphorus Vitamin D |
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