基于DEM数据分析川西云杉林与高山柏林空间分布特征——以石渠县为例

以2019年森林资源规划设计调查小班数据为基础，叠加数字高程模型,应用地理信息系统技术提取研究区海拔、坡度、坡向等地形因子。通过应用GIS空间分析,探究川西云杉林、高山柏林空间分布与地形因子的相关关系,分析其空间分布特征。结果表明:川西云杉、高山柏仅分布于石渠县西南部，金沙江及其一、二级支流两岸的高山峡谷地带，面积19 329.08 hm²。川西云杉林、高山柏林分布范围基本位于3 250~4 600 m；3 700~4 300 m海拔区间是集中分布区，川西云杉林占比92.19%，高山柏林占比80.78%。川西云杉林、高山柏林各坡度分布趋势相同，集中在26°～45°，占比分别为78.27%、78.68%。川西云杉林、高山柏林各坡向分布差异明显，川西云杉林多分布在阴坡、半阴坡，占比72.91%；高山柏林则多分布在阳坡和半阳坡，占比80.04%。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Picea likiangensis var.rubescens and Juniperus squamata Forests in West Sichuan Province Based on DEM Data——A Case Study of Shiqu County

Shiqu County is located in the northwest border of Ganzi Prefecture,Sichuan Province,and the southeast edge of Qinghai Tibet Plateau.The average altitude of the county is more than 4 000 m.Picea likiangensis var.rubescens and Juniperus squamata forests are the typical forest types in the area.Based on the survey data of forest resources planning and design in 2019 and digital elevation model,the elevation,slope,aspect and other topographic factors of the study area were extracted by using GIS.Through the application of GIS spatial analysis,this paper explored the correlation between the spatial distribution of the two forests and the topographic factors,and analyzed their spatial distribution characteristics.It was found that the two forests were only distributed in the southwest of Shiqu County,and were located in the alpine gorge area on both sides of Jinsha River and its primary and secondary tributaries,covering an area of 19 329.08 hectares.The altitude distribution of the two forests ranged between from 3 250 to 4 600 m,in which the concentrated distribution area was in the altitude of 3 700 to 4 300 m,and the area of P.likiangensis var.rubescens accounted for,accounted for 92.19%,and 80.78% for J.squamata.The distribution trend of different slopes were similar,concentrated between 26 and 45 degrees,accounting for 78.27% for P.likiangensis var.rubescens and 78.68% for J.squamata,respectively.The distribution of the two forests in different aspects varied significantly,P.likiangensis var.rubescens forest mainly distributed in shady slope and semi shady slope,accounting for 81.93%,while J.squamata forest was mainly distributed on sunny and semi sunny slopes,accounting for 77.60%.