肉牛自动化无应激动态称重系统的设计与试验

【目的】牛只体重数据是衡量牛体健康生长发育的重要指标,定期对牛只称重对实施精细化养殖有重要意义。【方法】采用带围栏的地磅称重、月龄推算、体尺估算测量以及采用保定架等方法对肉牛进行静态称重。【结果】可以实现肉牛全程无障碍通过,在肉牛自然行走状态下监测出肉牛体重信息,有效避免了肉牛产生应激反应;称重效率高,系统锁定肉牛有效体重数据在2~4 s。平均每头牛从进入通道排队到称重结束,时间在10 s之内。肉牛速度较快通过称重平台时,误差在0.5%以下;肉牛在行走—停顿运动状态和平稳行走运动状态下,误差在0.2%以下。【结论】肉牛无应激自动化动态称重系统,主要由主体机械结构框架、RFID无线射频识别系统、供电系统、称重系统、数据传输5部分组成。

Development of Automatic Barrier Free Dynamic Weighing Equipment for Beef Cattle

【Objective】 The body weight data of cattle is an important index to measure the healthy growth and development of cattle and weighing cattle regularly is also the basic work of fine breeding. 【Methods】 At present, the methods of obtaining beef cattle weight in large and medium-sized beef cattle farms in China are mainly through the weighbridge with fence, body size estimation and measurement, and static weighing of beef cattle by Baoding frame. Static weighing not only consumeed a lot of labor, but also made beef cattle produce stress reaction, which led to the decrease of beef cattle feed intake and affects the production efficiency of beef cattle breeding. Domestic experts and enterprises continued to deepen the research of beef cattle automatic dynamic weighing technology, the goal was to achieve the full range of beef cattle weighing barrier free and complete automation; at the same time, it was also the urgent demand of major beef cattle farms. In view of the above problems, this paper developed a beef cattle automatic dynamic weighing system. It was mainly composed of main mechanical structure framework, RFID radio frequency identification system, power supply system, control system and data transmission.【Results】 Firstly, it can realize the whole process barrier free breeding of beef cattle, and monitor the beef cattle weight information under the natural walking state, effectively avoid the beef cattle to produce stress reaction; Secondly, the weighing efficiency is high, and the system locks the effective weight data of beef cattle between 2 and 4 seconds. The average time for each cow from entering the channel to the end of weighing is within 10 seconds. 【Conclusion】 The error of beef cattle passing through the weighing platform is less than 0.5%, while that of beef cattle is less than 0.2% in the state of walking pause and steady walking.