大田氮钾营养水平对花椰菜采后品质及养分含量的影响

利用不同氮钾水平试验花椰菜样品进行了为期三个月贮藏试验,以期研究贮藏花椰菜品质因子和养分含量的变化,以及氮钾营养对这些贮藏生理变化的影响。结果表明:贮藏期间花椰菜Vc含量损失很小。钾肥对贮藏花椰菜Vc有明显保护作用,而且施钾处理贮藏花椰菜Vc含量明显提高。氮肥不但能降低花椰菜Vc含量,还可降低贮藏花椰菜Vc含量提高幅度。施钾处理糖分含量以及增幅比无钾处理高,单施钾肥处理提高糖分含量明显。贮藏花椰菜大部分种类氨基酸含量降低,而谷氨酸和天门冬氨酸含量增幅随氮肥用量增加而增加,钾素营养可降低谷氨酸含量增幅,但随着氮肥用量的增加,调节作用减弱。贮藏花椰菜叶片和花茎氮素含量降低,花蕾氮素含量升高;钙和镁含量趋势与氮素含量相反,降低和提高幅度随氮肥增加而加大,与钾肥的影响相关性不明显。

The Changes of Postharvest Quality and Nutrient Content of Cauliflower and the Effects of Field Nutrition Rate on Them

The storage experiment was conducted to study the Changes of postharvest quality and Nutrient content of Cauliflower and the effects of field nutrition rate on the changes. The result indicated that the loss of Vc content was slight during storage period .K fertilizer had obvious protection to Vc content of cauliflower ,and the Vc content of cauliflower improved obviously during storage period. N fertilizer could not only reduce the the Vc content, but also could reduce the increase range of Vc content during storage period. The content of sugar and its increase range of cauliflower with K fertilizer was higher than that of without K fertilizer. Most amino acid content of cauliflower reduced, but the content of glutamic acid and aspartame improved along with the increasing application rate of N fertilizer. Potassium could reduce the increase range of glutamic acid content, but the modulation weakened with the increasing application rate of N fertilizer. Nitrogen content of leafs and scape reduced, while bud increased during storage period. Compared with the changing tendency of nitrogen content Ca and Mg were in adverse ,and had lower correlation with K fertilizer.